Learning Objectives and Outcomes Learn to use touch to create an empty file, ls -l to display file ownership and permissions, and chmod to change file permissions. Reading Read about access permissions (Sobell) through the section on chmod (Sobell). Procedure 1. You can use the touch utility (Sobell) to create an empty file quickly. Use touch to create a file named dog in the working directory. Use Is to confirm the file was created. $ touch dog $1 s dog 2. Use Is -l (Sobell) to display the permissions of the dog file you just created. In comments (\#), answer the following questions. Who owns the file? To which group does it belong? Which permissions does the owner of the file have? The group? Others? 3. Display the permissions of /bin/bash. In comments (\#), answer the following questions. Who owns the file? To which group does it belong? Which permissions does the owner of the file have? The group? Others? Which permissions apply to you? 4. Only the owner of a file (or a user working with root privileges) can change the permissions of a file. Display the dog file to show the current set permissions. Using the alphabet arguments (r,w,x) to chmod (Sobell), change the permissions of the dog file you created in step 1 so the owner has read and write permissions and the group and others have no permissions. Display this dog file to show the new set permissions. Display the dog file to show the current set permissions. Next change the permissions so the owner, the group, and others have only read permissions. Display this dog file to show the new set permissions