Logical Operators $($SHOW YOUR WORK!!!$)$

If$,$ prior to executing the statement in each problem below, the

variables have the value:

a $=$ True ; b $=$ False ; c $=$ True ; d $=$ True ; e $=$ False

What is the value of x after executing the Python statements? If

short circuiting occurs, clearly show where.

$12.$ x $=$ a and c and b and d and e # Answer : False

$13.$ x $=$ a and b or c or d and e # Answer : True

$14.$ x $=$ a and c and d # Answer : True

$15.$ x $=$ b or d or e # Answer: True

# Show the work and explain where we can short circuit and why in each problem, I have already included the overall result from plugging them into Pycharm but I want to understand them.