M16cPrelab:Newton'sSecondLab

1. (2p) Explain what we call a kinematic acceleration.

Kinematic acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time. Therefore, a=v/t, wherev is the change in velocity andt is the time interval. It related the position of a body to its velocity.

SI Unit: ?

2. (2p) Explain what we call dynamic acceleration.

Relates acceleration and force. Therefore, according to Newton's second law of motion,

When a net external force acts on an object of mass m, the acceleration that results is directly proportional to the net force and has a magnitude that is inversely proportional to the mass. The direction of the acceleration is the same as the direction of the net force.

SI Unit of Force: kg m/s2 = newton (N)

3. (3p) Ann designed a system to pull sleds uphill, but she needs to know the angle of theslope.Sheknowsthatthehillis10.0mhighandthatthedistance fromthebaseofthehill to thetopis18.5m. Sketch a picture, show the distances given on it, andcalculatetheangleof the slope. Hint:Youmayassume thatthehillformsa right triangle

4. After setting up his system, Ann needs to test it. She puts some weight on a sled atthebaseofthehill,so ithasacombinedmassof 45.0kg,andconnectsitto hispulley.She puts 30.0 kg on the other end of the pulley and lets it fall into a hole she dug in thecenterof the hill.Hint:Usetheangle yousolvedforinthepreviousproblem.

a)(5p) Draw a figure, identify all forces acting on the sled and on the 30.0 kg mass, and draw free-body diagrams for the sled and the 30.0 kg mass in the figure.

b) (5p) Apply Newton's Second Law for the sled and the 30.0 kg mass and write down two equations with two unknowns which will allow you to calculate the dynamic acceleration of the sled.

c)(2p) Write down the equation which will allow you to calculate the dynamic acceleration of the sled.

d)(3p) Plug in numbers and calculate the dynamic acceleration of the sled.

M16c Prelab: Newton's Second Law Read the lab instructions before answering the questions 1. {2p} Explain what we call a kinematic acceleration. . . . . . . En: . Kinematic acceleration Is the rate of change of velocity over tIme. Therefore, a = E , where 211: Is change in velocity and at is the time interval. It related the position of a body to its velocity. 5| Unit: mfs"2 2. {2p} Explain what we call a dynamic acceleration. Relates acceleration and force. Therefore, according to Newton's second law of motion, F = me When a net external force E acts on an object of mass m, the acceleration that results i; directly proportional to the net force and has a magnitude that is inversely proportional to the mass. The direction of the acceleration is the same as the direction ofthe net force. 5| Unit of Force: lcg- mfs2 = newton {N} 3. {3p} Ann designed a system to pull sleds uphill, but she needs to know the angle of the slope. She knows that the hill is 10.0 m high and that the distance from the base ofthe hill to the top is 13.5 m. Sketch a picture, show distances given on it, and calculate the angle of the slope. Hint: You may assume thatthe hill forms a righttriangle 4. After setting up his system, Ann needs to test it. She puts some weight on a sled at the base of the hill, so it has a combined mass of45.0 kg and connects it to his pulley. She puts 30.0 kg on the other end ofthe pulley and lets it fall into a hole she dug in the center ofthe hill. Hint: Use the angle you solved for in the previous problem. a_5p) Draw a figure, identify all forces acting on the sled and on the 30.0 kg mass, and draw freebody diagrams for the sled and the 30.0 kg mass in the gure. b] {Spl Apply Newton's Second Law for the sled and the 30.0 kg mass and write down two equations with two unknowns which will allow you to calculate the dynamic acceleration of the sled. c]{2p} Write down the equation which will allow you to calculate the dynamic acceleration of the sled. d]{3p} Plug in numbers and calculate the dynamic acceleration of the sled