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1. Transcription: This process occurs in the nucleus where the DNA molecule serves as a template for the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). (2 2. Translation: The mRNA molecule moves to the cytoplasm and associates with ribosomes (X), which are indicated as being on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Here, the genetic code carried by the mRNA is translated into a polypeptide chain. 2 3. Transport Vesicle Formation: The newly synthesized polypeptide chain enters the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and is then enclosed within a transport vesicle (P) for transport to the Golgi apparatus. 2 4. Modification in Golgi of Protein: The transport vesicle containing the polypeptide fuses with the Golgi apparatus. Within the Golgi apparatus, the polypeptide undergoes further processing, folding, and modifications, such as glycosylation. (2 5. Secretory Vesicle Formation: After modification in the Golgi apparatus, the processed protein is packaged into secretory vesicles (Q), which bud off from the Golgi. 2