Managerial Accounting - Direct vs Indirect, Drivers, Allocations, predetermined Overhead, Product vs. Period

I will thumb up quality answers and thumb down bad ones, please explain each so I have more time to study. Managerial Accounting Study Guide, follow the Chapter format below.

Chapter 4 Identify cost objects and distinguish between direct costs versus indirect costs Allocate indirect costs to cost objects. Identify the most appropriate cost driver Calculate the predetermined overhead rate Allocate indirect costs to cost objects Calculate underapplied or overapplied overhead and describe its accounting treatment Know how to determine product cost in total and per unit Understand the difference between product cost and period cost