Managers should be especially careful in administering punishment because

a.

punishment has a tendency to provoke a strong emotional reaction on the part of the punished individual

b.

over a long period of time, repeated punishment becomes positively reinforcing

c.

punishment must be administered in front of other employees, and this often results in lowered morale.

d.

punishment usually has no impact on the behaviour they are trying to eliminate.

e.

punishment will always lead to the emergence of other undesirable behaviours