Manufacturers trying to implement a just$-$in$-$time delivery system need to start with

routing software.

distribution center design.

intensive distribution.

knowledge of customer demand.

shipping schedules.

$2$

In an administered vertical marketing system,

there is no common ownership, and the dominant member has significant power to

impose its ideas and objectives.

participants$-$such as warehouses, transportation companies, and retail outlets$-$are

typically owned by a parent company to ensure harmonious relations throughout the

supply chain.

independent firms at different levels of the marketing channel join through contracts to

obtain economies of scale and coordination to reduce conflict.

independent firms join together formally to decide as a group how the marketing channel

will operate.

no individual participant has control over the others, since a third$-$party administrator

oversees the entire supply chain.

H&M has adopted the inventory management system that delivers less merchandise on a more

frequent basis than in traditional inventory systems. The firm gets the merchandise just in time

for it to be used in the manufacture of another product or for sale when the customer wants it$.$

This is an example of a

inventory system.

EDI

lead time

quick response $(QR)$

UPC

cross$-$docking

centers deliver directly to customers rather than to stores.

Distribution