Many ancient civilizations left behind visual evidence rather than extensive written records. The SMART acronym helps us analyze these archaeological sources: S - Site & Setting: Where was this image/artifact found? What was its original environment or location (e.g., tomb, temple, domestic dwelling, city wall)? What other objects were found with it? (Archaeological context is paramount). M - Material & Method: What is the image/artifact made of (e.g., stone, clay, metal, pigment)? How was it created (e.g., carved, painted, cast, molded)? What does this tell us about their technology, resources, and craftsmanship? A - Appearance & Arrangement: What does the image/artifact depict? How is it organized visually (e.g., composition, style, figures, patterns)? What details are prominent? R - Role & Reason: What was the image/artifact's likely function or purpose in the ancient society? Was it ceremonial, utilitarian, decorative, commemorative, or something else? T - Themes & Symbolism: What broader cultural, religious, social, or political themes does the image/artifact convey? Are there specific symbols or figures that carry meaning? Use your analysis to answer the guiding questions. Exploratory Question: How do early Mesopotamian legal codes and epic literature reflect the social hierarchies, values, and challenges of their urban civilizations? Use your document analysis to construct a 1-2 paragraph response that incorporates the exploratory questions into a strong argument