Marcos Inc. is considering replacing an old machine. Its current book value is $3,000, and it can be sold for $4,000 at this time. Marcos is considering the purchase of a new machine which costs $14,000. The machine would require an increase in net working capital by $2,000 when the machine is installed. Marcos' marginal tax rate is 40 percent. What is the initial year cash flow (NCF₀)?