Match the statement with the term most directly associated with it$.$

Rights, privileges, and competitive advantages that result from the ownership of long$-$lived assets that do not possess physical substance.

The allocation of the cost of an intangible assetto expense in a rational and systematic manner.

A right to sell certain products or services, or use certain trademarks or trade names, within a designated geographic area.

Costs incurred by a company that often lead to patents or new products. These costs must be expensed as incurred.

The excess of the cost of a company over the fair value of the net assets acquired.