Measuring teaching quality is difficult. If quality is measured by test scores, teachers and administrators have an incentive to cheat. The Chicago and Atlanta school systems suffered scandals from widespread cheating. If quality is measured by direct observation, the observations tend to be highly favorable. Administrators must weigh

Question $2$ options:

a$)$

the costs and benefits of quality management.

b$)$

the pros and cons of quality management.

c$)$

the ups and downs of quality management.