Mike gets angry because Ben made a better grade on a test than he did. They get into an argument, and Mike takes a swing at Ben intending to hit him. Ben shoves Mike in order to avoid the blow. Which of the following is true regarding Ben's actions?

Ben cannot rely on self$-$defense because he was involved in the argument and not completely innocent.

Ben has not committed an assault or a battery because he acted in self$-$defense.

Ben has committed a battery.

Ben has committed both an assault and a battery.

Ben cannot rely upon self$-$defense because his life was not in danger.