Mohendran operates a standard costing system.

The budgeted data for October 2022 was:

Total production and sales 4000 units, Selling Price per unit is RM230

Per unit

Direct materials 3 kilos at RM6 per kilo

Direct labour 9 hours at RM10 per hour

Fixed overheads RM1 per direct labour hour

The actual results for October were:

Output 4500 units, Selling Price per unit RM310

Direct materials 14 000 kilos at RM5.75 per kilo

Direct labour 37 000 hours at RM10.50 per hour

Total fixed overheads RM40 000

All units produced were sold.

Calculate and state possible TWO (2) causes of favourable or adverse for following variances for October 2022: (Show all the formula and workings clearly)

1. Material Price Variance.
2. Material Usage Variance.
3. Labour Rate Variance.
4. Labour Efficiency Variance.
5. Sales Price Variance.

Sales Volume Variance.