MULTIPLE CHOICE: PLEASE SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER 41. In 2004, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch mid-calorie sodas, C2 and Pepsi Edge, banking on the low-carb trend. Carb-conscious consumers rejected the drinks en masse since one of their key tenets is avoiding refined sugar in any amount. The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1 percent. Given that the objective of both soft drink manufacturers was to increase their market share, the introductions were notably:

a. Synergistic b. Empathetic c. Inefficient d. Autonomous e. Reciprocal

42. To achieve its goal of increased market share, Krispy Kreme launched a program in Palm Beach County, Florida, that awards grade-school students a free doughnut for every A on their report cards. Which management function was used to create this program?

a. Controlling b. Leading c. Focusing d. Planning e. Organizing

43. Interstate Bakeries, the makers of Wonder bread, declared bankruptcy in 2003. The companys objectives in 2004 were to increase its revenues by at least 5 percent and reduce its net losses by at least 80 percent. Which management function was used to set these goals and will help the company meet these goals?

a. Planning b. Organizing c. Controlling d. Motivating e. Leading

44. According to the What Really Works box, a(n) __________ is a type of study that often shows the conditions under which management techniques may work better or worse in the real world.

a. social audit b. meta-analysis c. effectiveness analysis d. SWOT analysis e. risk assessment

45. In 2004, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) announced that it was going to overcome the digital divide by making a $100 laptop for the poor children of the world. By relying strongly on the _____ function of management, MIT has nearly achieved its goal.

a. Planning b. Organizing c. Leading d. Controlling e. Evaluating

46. Which of the following statements about the origins of management is true?

a. Job enrichment was developed during the last half of the twentieth century. b. Management as a field of study is only about 125 years old. c. Information management appeared with the first computers. d. The use of management functions would have made the building of the Egyptian pyramids more efficient. e. All of the above statements about the origin of management are true.

47. How did the Industrial Revolution change jobs and organizations?

a. Managers realized the importance of synergistic tasks. b. Managers realized the importance of customer relations. c. Low-paid, unskilled workers running machines began to replace high-paid, skilled artisans. d. Skilled jobs were performed in homes rather than in factories. e. Managers learned to use delegation.

48. The goal of scientific management was to:

a. make sure workers did not consider their work boring or repetitive b. decreased wages for individual workers c. eliminate conflict between workers and management d. find the one best way to perform each task e. find different ways to motivate workers

49. A contractor was feeling defeated because the job he was working on was so far behind schedule. As he looked at the job site, he saw one worker moving bricks by carrying two at a time from where they were unloaded to where they were needed. He saw another climbing up a ladder with a few shingles, climbing back down to get more, and then repeating the process. _____ could be used to determine how the workers could perform their tasks more efficiently.

a. Time and motion studies b. Resource assessments c. Workload analyses d. Systems analyses e. Cost-benefit analyses

50. In which of the following situations would a Gantt chart be appropriate to use?

a. building a bridge b. installing a local area network for a computer system c. rebuilding a community destroyed by a hurricane d. planning a Mardi Gras parade e. all of these

51. According to the __________, companies go through long, simple periods of environmental stability, followed by short, complex periods of dynamic, fundamental environmental change, finishing with a return to environmental stability.

a. environmental change theory b. theory of environmental dynamics c. punctuated equilibrium theory d. theory of resource scarcity e. environmental cycle

52. In terms of environmental complexity, __________ environments have few environmental factors, whereas __________ environments have many environmental factors.

a. non-competitive | competitive b. simple | complex c. stable | dynamic d. scarce | abundant e. market-oriented | product-oriented

53. In terms of external organizational environments, the __________ environment affects all organizations while the __________ environment is unique to each company.

a. global | national b. customer-driven | production-driven c. general | specific d. informal | formal e. specific | general

54. Environmental __________ determines how well managers can understand or predict the external changes and trends affecting their businesses.

a. Complexity b. Change c. Adaptability d. Synergy e. Uncertainty

55. Which of the following is a component of a local newspapers general environment and will indirectly influence how it does business?

a. an Internet-based newspaper that carries local news b. lobbyists for the local airport c. a local advocacy group demanding the newspaper not print ads for fur coats d. a trend toward less leisure time e. its supplier of paper

56. There is a recognized llama industry in the United States. The industry is recovering from a period in which prearranged deals at auctions and other techniques were used to falsely inflate prices. In addition, bad-tempered animals were sedated before being sold. Today its reputation is being built by breeders who go the extra mile to make sure their customers are satisfied. The llama industry has discovered that _____ is the way to create sales.

a. creating channel conflict b. acting with discretionary responsibility c. acting ethically d. upholding the law e. becoming an ethical ombudsman

57. Which of the following is a recommendation for how managers can model and encourage ethical behavior in employees?

a. use resources only for company business b. handle information in a confidential and honest manner c. set reasonable rather than unreasonable goals d. create a reward system that does not reward unethical behavior e. all of these

58. In Atlanta, independent auditors are investigating claims the metropolitan areas Boy Scout pack leaders inflated local black membership numbers to 20,000 under instructions from top Boy Scout officials. A civil rights leader contends there are no more than 500 blacks actively involved. Atlanta Boy Scout officials are being accused of:

a. violating federal government policies b. demonstrating the move it or lose it syndrome c. engaging in unintentional unethical behavior d. acting as ethical ombudsmen e. acting as whistleblowers

59. An individual who uses his or her influence to harm others in the company is engaged in:

a. political deviance b. personal aggression c. production deviance d. property deviance e. organizational irresponsibility