ndependent vs. Dependent Group Research Design Activity Case Study: Memory Training Program Background:

A researcher is interested in evaluating the effectiveness of a new memory training program. The program is designed to improve memory retention in adults. The researcher wants to compare the memory performance of participants before and after undergoing the training.

Scenario: The researcher recruits 40 adults aged 30 to 50 years who express interest in enhancing their memory. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups: Independent Group Design (Group A and Group B): Group A (n=20) receives the memory training program. Group B (n=20) does not receive any training and serves as the control group. Dependent Group Design (Single Group - Pretest and Posttest): All participants (n=40) receive the memory training program. Memory performance is measured before the training (pretest) and after the training (posttest).

Activity: Discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages of using an independent group design or a dependent group design for this memory training study. Brainstorm possible sources of bias or confounding variables that could affect the study outcomes in both designs. Decide which research design you think would be most appropriate for this memory training study. Justify your decision based on