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Why were human computers needed in the first place?

Computers haven't existed forever so at one point we didn't just have software that could perform mathematical calculations and create visuals based on calculations. Before we invented computers, 'human computers' were needed to perform calculations. A good example of this is in the movie, "Hidden Figures". The main protagonists of the story had the roles of performing mathematical calculations for NASA. Those kinds of mathematical calculations are done nowadays by computers because a computer will produce a consistently accurate result.

The role of "human computer" existed predominantly in the aerospace industry. Many rocket science calculations were done by mathematicians known as human computers. They were needed because the capability of computers at the time simply didn't match the cost and effectiveness of hiring a mathematician to do the same job. Part of the role of being a human computer was being able to calculate the trajectory of a spacecraft based on its weight, lift, and orbit. These numbers had to be accurate event to the nth decimal point. An interesting fact is that often times, women who worked as human computers would eventually go on to be the first computer programmers at NASA.