Question: Need answer and explanation. Problem 2. Let's get more oomfortahle with randomization based calculations. a) Consider a treatment-control experiment with N unite where for each

Need answer and explanation.

Need answer and explanation. Problem 2. Let's get more oomfortahle with randomization

Problem 2. Let's get more oomfortahle with randomization based calculations. a) Consider a treatment-control experiment with N unite where for each unit 1' we observe a pre- treatment {i.e., not affected by treatment} eovariate Xi. Let if!\" he the observed eovariate mean for the treatment group and I?\" he the observed eovariate mean for the eontrol group. Prove that under a complete randomization with :11 units assigned to treatment and on unite assigned to control, these means are equal in expectation. That is... prove that EL? 11\"] = EPI'EM]

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