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Compute Lead Time Jackson Fabricators Inc. machines metal parts for the automotive industry. Under the traditional manufacturing approach, the parts are machined through two processes: milling and finishing. Parts are produced in batch sizes of 85 parts. A part requires 5 minutes in milling and 8 minutes in finishing. The move time between the two operations for a complete batch is 9 minutes. Under the lean philosophy, the part is produced in a cell that includes both the milling and finishing operations. The operating time is unchanged; however, the batch size is reduced to 6 parts and the move time is eliminated. Determine the value-added, non-value-added, and total lead times, and the value-added ratio under the traditional and lean manufacturing methods. If required, round percentages to one decimal place. Traditional Philosophy Lean Manufacturing Philosophy Value-added time 13 V min 13 min Non-value-added time 1,101 min min Total lead time 1,114 V min min Value-added ratio (as a percent)