npany using just$-$in$-$time $($JIT$)$ methods likely would show approximately the same net operating income under both absorption and variable costing because

$$ ending stock would be valued in the same manner for both methods under JIT

$$ production is geared to sales in JIT and thus there would be little or no ending stock

$$ under JIT fixed manufacturing overhead costs are charged to the period incurred rather than to the product produced

$$ there is no distinction made under JIT between fixed and variable costs