O Period T K J FR P D S O N IP H Ps OG...

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O Period T K J FR P D S O € N IP H Ps OG PG| Eo P M Po M₁ A B C D E F Figure 1 - Example of a geologic range diagram. Ranges of assemblage specimens: A-Jurassic - Recent B - Cretaceous - Miocene C- Ordovician - Cretaceous D-Jurassic - Eocene E- Mississippian - Paleocene F-Permian - Recent None of these six specimens in Figure 1 would qualify as a good index fossil. Yet a comparison of their ranges, as revealed by the diagram, indicates that the only interval of time when all of these could have lived together as members of the same biological community would have been during the Cretaceous. This period is shaded for your convenience. As it happens, we could have arrived at a correct solution by using only a single pair of specimens, but it was necessary to consider all until we could identify the narrowest possible time interval. Question 5 - In this case, which one pair of specimens alone could have provided us with a single period of overlap, thereby resolving the age of this assemblage? a) A and B b) B and C c) C and D d) D and E e) E and F The remainder of this exercise requires that you use the descriptions of fossil assemblage sets, along with the blank geologic range diagrams provided with the worksheet that you printed out, to solve sets of dating problems and answer questions about what you discover. You will use the Fossil Illustrations document to collect much of your data. The range diagrams should be completed neatly and accurately for your own convenience, but do not need to be turned in. Each diagram is identified by assemblage, and the taxa appear at the top of the diagram. You should carefully place the double- headed arrow beneath each name to indicate its range. Center your lines under each specimen's name, and be sure that your arrowheads meet and touch the lines on your charts. Assemblage A Using the Assemblage A range diagram from your worksheet, chart the geologic ranges for the following assemblage and then answer the question that follows. Specimen A1 - Cambrian - Permian Specimen A2 - Cambrian - Mississippian Specimen A3 - Devonian - Jurassic Specimen A4 - Mississippian - Jurassic Specimen A5 - Silurian - Pennsylvanian Specimen A6 - Mississippian – Permian Specimen A7 - Devonian - Cretaceous Question 6 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage A live? (3x points) a) Devonian b) Mississippian c) Pennsylvanian c) Permian d) Jurassic Assemblage B This collection of brachiopods was collected from a rock outcrop. Using our Fossil Illustrations and the corresponding range diagram from your worksheet, look up the geologic ranges for the assemblage members, chart them on our diagram and then answer the question that follows. Brachythyrus Derbyia Juresania Orthus Ovatia Spirifer Question 7 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage B live? (3X points) a) Ordovician b) Devonian c) Pennsylvanian c) Permian d) Triassic Assemblage C Using our Fossil Illustrations and the corresponding range diagram from your worksheet, look up the geologic ranges for the assemblage members described below, chart them on our diagram and then answer the question that follows. Endothyra Foraminifera Textularia Foraminifera Murchisonia Gastropod Monograptus Graptolite Question 8 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage C live? (3X points) a) Silurian b) Devonian c) Mississippian c) Permian d) Jurassic Assemblage D The following plant remains constitute a floral forest assemblage. Using our Fossil Illustrations and the corresponding range diagram from your worksheet, look up the geologic ranges for the assemblage members described below, chart them on our diagram and then answer the question that follows. Lepidodendron Walchia Odontopteris Calamites Question 9 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage D live? (3x points) a) Devonian b) Mississippian c) Pennsylvanian d) Permian Assemblage E Using our Fossil Illustrations and the corresponding range diagram from your worksheet, identify the genera represented by the following photos, look up their geologic ranges, chart them on our diagram and then answer the question that follows. fossiilid.info Fossil A Fossil B Fossil C Wikimedia.org - Hectonichus Both images: Wikimedia.org - Dwergenpaartje Fossil D Wikimedia.org - Dwergenpaartje Question 10 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage E live? (3X points) a) Cambrian b) Ordovician c) Silurian d) Devonian e) Mississippian O Period T K J FR P D S O € N IP H Ps OG PG| Eo P M Po M₁ A B C D E F Figure 1 - Example of a geologic range diagram. Ranges of assemblage specimens: A-Jurassic - Recent B - Cretaceous - Miocene C- Ordovician - Cretaceous D-Jurassic - Eocene E- Mississippian - Paleocene F-Permian - Recent None of these six specimens in Figure 1 would qualify as a good index fossil. Yet a comparison of their ranges, as revealed by the diagram, indicates that the only interval of time when all of these could have lived together as members of the same biological community would have been during the Cretaceous. This period is shaded for your convenience. As it happens, we could have arrived at a correct solution by using only a single pair of specimens, but it was necessary to consider all until we could identify the narrowest possible time interval. Question 5 - In this case, which one pair of specimens alone could have provided us with a single period of overlap, thereby resolving the age of this assemblage? a) A and B b) B and C c) C and D d) D and E e) E and F The remainder of this exercise requires that you use the descriptions of fossil assemblage sets, along with the blank geologic range diagrams provided with the worksheet that you printed out, to solve sets of dating problems and answer questions about what you discover. You will use the Fossil Illustrations document to collect much of your data. The range diagrams should be completed neatly and accurately for your own convenience, but do not need to be turned in. Each diagram is identified by assemblage, and the taxa appear at the top of the diagram. You should carefully place the double- headed arrow beneath each name to indicate its range. Center your lines under each specimen's name, and be sure that your arrowheads meet and touch the lines on your charts. Assemblage A Using the Assemblage A range diagram from your worksheet, chart the geologic ranges for the following assemblage and then answer the question that follows. Specimen A1 - Cambrian - Permian Specimen A2 - Cambrian - Mississippian Specimen A3 - Devonian - Jurassic Specimen A4 - Mississippian - Jurassic Specimen A5 - Silurian - Pennsylvanian Specimen A6 - Mississippian – Permian Specimen A7 - Devonian - Cretaceous Question 6 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage A live? (3x points) a) Devonian b) Mississippian c) Pennsylvanian c) Permian d) Jurassic Assemblage B This collection of brachiopods was collected from a rock outcrop. Using our Fossil Illustrations and the corresponding range diagram from your worksheet, look up the geologic ranges for the assemblage members, chart them on our diagram and then answer the question that follows. Brachythyrus Derbyia Juresania Orthus Ovatia Spirifer Question 7 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage B live? (3X points) a) Ordovician b) Devonian c) Pennsylvanian c) Permian d) Triassic Assemblage C Using our Fossil Illustrations and the corresponding range diagram from your worksheet, look up the geologic ranges for the assemblage members described below, chart them on our diagram and then answer the question that follows. Endothyra Foraminifera Textularia Foraminifera Murchisonia Gastropod Monograptus Graptolite Question 8 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage C live? (3X points) a) Silurian b) Devonian c) Mississippian c) Permian d) Jurassic Assemblage D The following plant remains constitute a floral forest assemblage. Using our Fossil Illustrations and the corresponding range diagram from your worksheet, look up the geologic ranges for the assemblage members described below, chart them on our diagram and then answer the question that follows. Lepidodendron Walchia Odontopteris Calamites Question 9 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage D live? (3x points) a) Devonian b) Mississippian c) Pennsylvanian d) Permian Assemblage E Using our Fossil Illustrations and the corresponding range diagram from your worksheet, identify the genera represented by the following photos, look up their geologic ranges, chart them on our diagram and then answer the question that follows. fossiilid.info Fossil A Fossil B Fossil C Wikimedia.org - Hectonichus Both images: Wikimedia.org - Dwergenpaartje Fossil D Wikimedia.org - Dwergenpaartje Question 10 - During which period did the community represented by assemblage E live? (3X points) a) Cambrian b) Ordovician c) Silurian d) Devonian e) Mississippian