Objectives:

Understand the memory allocation process through the use of vector's push$\_$back$()$ method.

Gain proficiency in utilizing struct and vector in system design.

Requirements:

The data structure design in Sample$\_$vector$2$ is deemed unacceptable due to its excessive use of vectors. In an improved version, only a single vector should be employed.

Part $1$: $(50\%)--$ In the comment section at the top of main.cpp$,$ address the following queries.

$($A$)$ Uncomment the line of code that assesses the sizeof$()$ function at the program's conclusion. What numeric value is presented? Elaborate on the significance of this number with respect to memory management.

$($B$)$ One of the most prevalent issues in C$++$ programs is encountering a "segmentation fault," indicating an attempt to access an invalid or illegal memory address. Although your IDE may not explicitly display the message "segmentation fault," it is essential to comprehend how such bugs arise and how to rectify them. Utilize a combination of struct and vector to illustrate and resolve this type of bug. $C++$