Obtaining a simple random sample is either not practical or inappropriate for these hypothetical research studies. For each of study, give an appropriate method of sampling and indicate briefly how it would be carried out. a) [2 marks] A school principal wishes to estimate the average number of times a student in her school has witnessed or been involved in incidents of racism. She plans to administer a questionnaire to a sample of classes.

b) [2 marks] A music-store manager wishes to estimate the average purchase over a month. Her receipts for the month are organized into 4 bundles by type (classical, folk, jazz,other).