One method for growing thin silicon sheets for photovoltaic solar panels is to pass two thin...
Fantastic news! We've Found the answer you've been seeking!
Question:
Transcribed Image Text:
One method for growing thin silicon sheets for photovoltaic solar panels is to pass two thin strings of high melting temperature material upward through a bath of molten silicon. The silicon solidifies on the strings near the surface of the molten pool, and the solid silicon sheet is pulled slowly upward out of the pool. The silicon is replenished by supplying the molten pool with solid silicon powder. Consider a silicon sheet that is W si 85 mm wide and tsi = 150 µm thick that is pulled at a velocity of Vsi = 20 mm/min. The silicon is melted by supplying electric power to the cylindrical growth chamber of height Н — 350 mm and diameter D = 200 mm. The exposed surfaces of the growth chamber are at Ts 320 K, the corresponding convection coefficient at the exposed surface is h = 8 W/m2.K, and the surface is characterized by an emissivity of Es = 0.9. The solid silicon powder is at T si, i 298 K, and the solid silicon sheet exits the chamber at T si, o 420 K. Both the surroundings and ambient temperatures are T. = = Tsur 298 K. a) Determine the electric power, Pelec needed to operate the system at steady state. Pelec = W 387 b) If the photovoltaic panel absorbs a time-averaged solar flux of 180 W/m? d'sol and the panel has a conversion efficiency (the ratio of solar power absorbed to electric power produced) of 0.20, how long must the solar panel be operated to produce enough electric energy to offset the electric energy that was consumed in its manufacture? T = 106 Physical Properties Mathematical Functions One method for growing thin silicon sheets for photovoltaic solar panels is to pass two thin strings of high melting temperature material upward through a bath of molten silicon. The silicon solidifies on the strings near the surface of the molten pool, and the solid silicon sheet is pulled slowly upward out of the pool. The silicon is replenished by supplying the molten pool with solid silicon powder. Consider a silicon sheet that is W si 85 mm wide and tsi = 150 µm thick that is pulled at a velocity of Vsi = 20 mm/min. The silicon is melted by supplying electric power to the cylindrical growth chamber of height Н — 350 mm and diameter D = 200 mm. The exposed surfaces of the growth chamber are at Ts 320 K, the corresponding convection coefficient at the exposed surface is h = 8 W/m2.K, and the surface is characterized by an emissivity of Es = 0.9. The solid silicon powder is at T si, i 298 K, and the solid silicon sheet exits the chamber at T si, o 420 K. Both the surroundings and ambient temperatures are T. = = Tsur 298 K. a) Determine the electric power, Pelec needed to operate the system at steady state. Pelec = W 387 b) If the photovoltaic panel absorbs a time-averaged solar flux of 180 W/m? d'sol and the panel has a conversion efficiency (the ratio of solar power absorbed to electric power produced) of 0.20, how long must the solar panel be operated to produce enough electric energy to offset the electric energy that was consumed in its manufacture? T = 106 Physical Properties Mathematical Functions
Expert Answer:
Related Book For
Managerial Economics A Problem Solving Approach
ISBN: 978-1133951483
3rd edition
Authors: Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Mikhael Shor, Michael R. War
Posted Date:
Students also viewed these physics questions
-
A 2.5 x 2.5 m steel sheet 1.5 mm thick is removed from an annealing oven at a uniform temperature of 425?C and placed in a large room at 20?C in a horizontal position.(a) Calculate the rate of heat...
-
Consider an air solar collector that is 1 m wide and 5 m long and has a constant spacing of 3 cm between the glass cover and the collector plate. Air flows at an average temperature of 45?C at a rate...
-
A 6 mm thick sheet of polished 304 stainless steel is suspended in a comparatively large vacuum-drying oven with black walls. The dimensions of the sheet are 30 cm x 30cm, and its specific heat is...
-
Product Strategy Duff has always followed a level production strategy because Duff prefers not to fire and hire employees. Management is open to change if there is enough of a cost benefit for the...
-
List the drivers of category management strategies, and relate each to a strategy.
-
Indicate why each of the four assumptions of linear programming (Sec. 3.3) appears to be reasonably satisfied for this problem. Is one assumption more doubtful than the others? If so, what should be...
-
Height and weight in humans tend to be correlated because they are the result of lots of similar experiences in an individual's life and the person's genetic traits. Name two variables that may not...
-
Bad-Debt Reporting Marvin Company is a subsidiary of Hughes Corp. The controller believes that the yearly allowance for doubtful accounts for Marvin should be 2% of net credit sales. The president,...
-
A uniform ladder has a mass of 16.0 kg and a length of 8.50 m. It stands on the ground and leans against a vertical wall, making an angle of 62.0 with the ground. The friction between the wall and...
-
The irreversible, first-order reaction of gaseous A B occurs in spherical catalyst pellets with a radius of 2 mm. For this problem, the molecular diffusivity of A is 1.2 X 10 1 cm 2 /s and the...
-
You have been asked to provide a salary recommendation for a new position in your organization. To inform your recommendation, you conduct a search of job postings from the past 12 months to...
-
This week we discussed objectives and goals. We discussed, briefly, the differences between what happening at Twitter and at Mega (Facebook) in terms of layoffs and leadership. In three hundresd...
-
A company that is planning to launch a new snack food targeted to preteens and teens should use what social media channels and tools to reach those audiences directly, what are the pitfalls to avoid...
-
Compare and contrast Christian communication ethics with a classical ethical theory (deontology, utilitarianism, deontology, existentialism, naturalism, stoicism, or postmodernism). Include at least...
-
More and more companies have specific workplace equity, diversity, and inclusion policies. Think about two companies for whom you may want to work or that you find interesting (Amazon and Google)....
-
1. Describe how recognition can be both positive and negative 2. What is Innis' theory of "bias" and how does it relate to mass media? 3. Describe what an inference is and how this can relate to...
-
A local school board approves a new accounting program to be implemented at a series of secondary levels within the state. Money for the program will come from two different sources; public...
-
Find the APR in each of the following cases: NUMBER OF TIMES COMPOUNDED Semiannually Monthly Weekly Infinite EAR APR 10.4% 8.9 11.6 15.4
-
I recently sold my used car. If no new production occurred for this transaction, how could it have created value?
-
German brothels recently began offering a monthly subscription service for multiple purchasers. If you thought that the brothels' encouragement of prostitution was immoral to begin with, would you...
-
Your local fast food chain with two dozen stores uses the company's internal corporate marketing department to produce signage, print ads, instore displays, and so forth. When placing an order, store...
-
A flywheel is mounted on a vertical shaft, as shown in Fig. 2.76. The shaft has a diameter \(d\) and length \(l\) and is fixed at both ends. The flywheel has a weight of \(W\) and a radius of...
-
A TV antenna tower is braced by four cables, as shown in Fig. 2.77. Each cable is under tension and is made of steel with a cross-sectional area of \(322 \mathrm{~mm}^{2}\). The antenna tower can be...
-
A building frame is modeled by four identical steel columns, each of weight \(w\), and a rigid floor of weight \(W\), as shown in Fig. 2.79. The columns are fixed at the ground and have a bending...
Study smarter with the SolutionInn App