Only need the answer to 5.1! Exercise 1.66 just contains the chain the problem is referring to.

5.1. Brothersister mting. Consider the six state chain dened in Exercise 1.66. Show that the total number of A's is a martingale and use this to compute the probability of getting absorbed into the 2,2 (i.e., all A's state) stunting from each initial state. 1.66. Brothersister mating. In this genetics scheme two individuals (one male and one female) are retained from each generation and are mated to give the next. If the individuals involved are diploid and we are interested in a trait with two alleles, A and a, then each individual has three possible states AA, Aa, cm or more succinctly 2, l, 0. If we keep track of the sexes of the two individuals the chain has nine states, but if we ignore the sex there are just six: 22, 21, 20, ll, 10, and 00. (a) Assuming that