Question: Operating Systems: A. When a program is executing, why is it loaded into the main memory first, instead of being kept on the hard disk

Operating Systems:

A. When a program is executing, why is it loaded into the main memory first, instead of being kept on the hard disk while it's executing? Also, all the programs are stored on the hard disk, why aren't they (not just the currently executing ones) always kept in main memory?

B. Which operating systems structure keeps as much functionality as possible in user space?

C. Suppose a line of code comes after a call to one of the exec() family of functions, under what condition will that line of code not be executed? Under what condition will it be executed?

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