operations management theories effectively optimize organizational processes, resources, and systems to enhance efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness? Explore key theoretical frameworks such as Total Quality Management $($TQM$),$ Lean Manufacturing, Six Sigma, and Theory of Constraints $($TOC$).$ Investigate their applications in diverse industries and contexts, analyzing their impact on quality, cost, delivery, and flexibility. Additionally, consider contemporary challenges like globalization, technology integration, sustainability, and supply chain resilience. How do these theories adapt to dynamic market demands and evolving consumer preferences? What role does strategic alignment play in implementing these theories to achieve operational excellence and organizational success?