“Plastics R Us” Manufacturing Company Ltd, a company that manufactures disposable cups, boxes, bags, and containers is planning to invest in new machinery costing $3 million. The revenues and costs arising from this investment are shown below: $’000 Sales 2,700 Variable Cost of Sales 756 Other Fixed Operating Expenses including tax-allowable depreciation 851 Plastic R Us is considering financing the machinery exclusively by an issue of 8% bonds redeemable in 5 years time with a nominal value of $1,000. Plastics R Us has shared its budgeted profit and loss statement for the year ended 30th November 2018, as well as its budgeted statement of financial position as of 30th November 2018 below. These statements DO NOT take into consideration the effects of the machinery purchase or the financing option. “Plastics R US” Manufacturing Company LtdProfit and Loss Statement for the year ended 30th November 2018 20X8 $000 Sales 21,000 Cost of Sales (100% variable costs) 12,500 Gross Profit 8,500 Other Operating Expenses (100% fixed costs 3,720 Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) 4,780 Interest 1,000 Earnings Before Tax 3,780 Tax 1,134 Earnings Available to Common Shareholders (EACS) 2,646 Dividends 1,323 Retained Earnings 1,323 Important information about “Plastics R US” costs:- Cost of Sales comprises ONLY variable costs- The corporation tax rate is 30%- Dividend cover is 2:1 “Plastics R US” Manufacturing Company LtdStatement of Financial Position as at 30th November 2018 2018 $000 Non-current assets 33,000 Current assets 13,000 TOTAL ASSETS 46,000 Equity, Share capital and Reserves 32,00010% bonds 20X9 10,000 Current Liabilities 4,000 Total Liabilities 14,000 TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 46,000 Using the data above complete the following:

a) Prepare the Profit and Loss Statement and a Statement of Financial Position for “Plastics R Us” to illustrate the effect of the additional $12 million investment. (Note: The additional $12 million investment will result in an increase in sales, operating expenses, financial expenses, assets, and liabilities and will also impact Gross Profit, E ). 

b) Calculate the firm’s Degree of Leverage (DOL, DFL, and DTL) when sales were $21,000,000

c) Using the DOL, DFL, and DTL, in part b, predict the impact of the investment on the firm’s EBIT and EACS.

d) Discuss whether changing the Capital Structure of the firm can lead to a reduction in its cost of capital and hence an increase in the value of the company. (i.e increasing the proportion of debt relative to equity)