Please answer 15 and 18 only and explain show the steps please and thank you.

CHAPTER The Firm and It's Goals 12. You have a choice of opening your own business or being employed by someone else in a similar type of business. What are some of the considerations in terms of opportunity costs that you would have to include in arriving at your decision? 13. Various depreciation methods can be used to arrive at an accounting profit number. From the viewpoint of the economist, how should annual depreciation be determined? 14. Do you believe that the profit maximization model can be applied to the activities of a mul- tinational corporation? Explain. 15. What are transaction costs? How does opportunistic behavior tend to increase transaction costs? 16. The outsourcing of important parts of a company's production has been growing in recent years. How would you explain these changes? How has the Internet contributed to these changes? 17. What are some reasons for companies internalizing transaction costs? 18. A company has 2 million shares outstanding. It paid a dividend of $2 during the past year, and expects that dividends will grow at 6 percent annually in the future. Stockholders re- quire a rate of return of 13 percent. What would you expect the price of each share to be today, and what is the value of the company's common stock? 19. Discuss the difference between the calculation of shareholder wealth and the concept of Market Value Added. Which of the two would appear to be more meaningful from the view- point of a shareholder