Question: Please answer (b), ensure answer is not same exact work out available on cheg.g Question 2 (20 points). Consider the following (very simplified) version of

 Please answer (b), ensure answer is not same exact work out

Please answer (b), ensure answer is not same exact work out available on cheg.g

available on cheg.g Question 2 (20 points). Consider the following (very simplified)

Question 2 (20 points). Consider the following (very simplified) version of the situation facing members of OPEC in the 1970s. We assume that OPEC is made up of only two countries - Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Suppose that each country can produce either 3 or 5 units of oil at a cost of $1 per unit. Given output and consumption in the rest of the world, the following formula tells us the price at which oil is sold: P = 16 -(Qs + Qx), where Qs is the number of units produced by Saudi Arabia and Qx is the number of units produced by Kuwait. Then profits are calculated as follows: IIs = (P - 1)Qs = (15 - Qs - QK)Qs, IIK = (P -1)QK = (15 - Qs - QK)QK. (a) Fill in the missing numbers in the following payoff matrix. Kuwait 3 units 5 units Saudi Arabia 3 units 5 units Verify that this game has a prisoners' dilemma structure. What are the Nash equilib rium strategies and payoffs in the simultaneous-move game if the countries make their decisions only once? (b) Now assume that this game is played repeatedly forever. Suppose the two countries use a grim strategy. That is, each country produces 3 units of oil per period unless one of them "defects", in which case each country produces 5 units per period for the rest of the game. What is the one-time gain from defecting against an opponent playing such a strategy? How much does each country lose, in each future period, after it defects once? Find the range of values of r for which this strategy is able to sustain cooperation between the two countries

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