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Answer question after the readings

https://learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com/blackboard.learn.xythos.prod/5a34362ea9dd3/453126?X-Blackboard-S3-Bucket=blackboard.learn.xythos.prod&X-Blackboard-Expiration=1694509200000&X-Blackboard-Signature=t%2Bt0YHFGYlVtpP0Y%2F4ZV4rZAJlLJgNkDZLrvPK8jtXk%3D&X-Blackboard-Client-Id=100871&X-Blackboard-S3-Region=us-east-1&response-cache-control=private%2C%20max-age%3D21600&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27LongSt-PubertalTiming%2520%2526%2520Substances%25281%2529.pdf&response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECMaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIQCNpIgB2SjGT9G35TkGdlQkEusjjWFagK1TtlDTndqBwQIgYfYzlSr2oZfJzKA0B9Wm9lymXlqUxxVy6%2BZElJJ1AJwquwUI%2FP%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAAGgw1NTY5MDM4NjEzNjEiDM4Cnagu1sNMRh%2Fi%2ByqPBVDQdFZysU5IVtRolxVl5q7SOLpltevWn6Gg5cvfaekEavEF6GtqRd99eBHpLUoSU65ah6hb2q5pIe5flDduDE2V%2F4hhF5EGZr3qo9S0IhhXywqW2LNbHq6spXJ73HYC0Vx33fSV9P%2BOtThtDrhm3PvSAZAdDPxXF8F6RIl9%2BU3ITleVeOoX7zgOpvCCdFsjYxxDvrCekOlas%2FZs2htZ4mae%2FTS%2BfUSqv4tQFxam4d9zIq1Rz7poqYi8NHsgwRBi1swx3RHBuFQAAORtB3%2BKkpQP83KU2KKsftTBZF9RDmCp%2BEcx3Ky8lpIfCe%2BenUXvflAJEc8kmwhefc8zLkHg%2BCUR15oLow825tE5X7e5nJjy%2FLvtCCRg%2FfqAykzRhp5nuAnz0Jx0U%2BYQfeVWtMkS0VWJjYur%2BVijXQ1a358ueomCZuLOfVEj%2BVpWAK8vRiE5q%2BPuFDQCfNygiH%2FzwjjtcSAMZ0%2BOfpdHRdBFI5jOmyP3%2B%2BX7l7TjaXItzkTBqc0NeD8%2BAoxcqvUHysSLnJp%2B36tLfNXgdpl6JdKo0Nq7MZCdlLPs52CPM5%2FfvB6R7q4%2FehNmDManb%2FBYYtMbRN7NUV0s3QSQ6NNnd9KOplJXH%2B8%2BdgBQnmlnAuGrSV0SOr0YPINGsZDSCP3zD%2FX%2FkOe2LAH1HVDK0qg%2FQhhPLD5%2BbXtH7T%2BiPcPE5HcfqehqNscXLABdhfUi%2B6hfOaa0m7egtEJnn9DaxEjOE8XSrf0zCO8GXCh5bgiVqwg%2BBXCQjBkoykFX%2BWUXlfCBzH6i11x%2F6Z%2F09gq2pz2fLfXO97HOuoRjGTNDFjiCDbOOJsDjAjtGAqcGHhey%2FB9waF%2FeO1gwtdQp44XK%2Bx8ZCY6czgDNGOkwzqD%2FpwY6sQHFgSilyA7EsiuRssF961ao8xI8G0Ld791slWGAIEyOD%2FO5nwYWqAnEwIuVGZqaG1dXFXTjoA6z%2BAgykvTPk4GzQkRVl2FizuW7V8QoqT9ouOWnlbm5NlU4kxiYaXAWoPJd%2FEAc%2FsB0DmWOBJXJQeIsU4DjKJmYxZ2AWbfeEfiwKi9Cj131qELmb8o5XOC2TWPPwaOJ6ed0zyt1Ljy4apNALwxQIGZzJuz2Pu4l1Zd63bo%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20230912T030000Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=21600&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAYDKQORRY72UR5R5B%2F20230912%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=05380e66f87090c80c607677cfb5f3f292e8cbb7e884ddf8372f30a783e79541

QUESTIONS

1. Why would a researcher decide to use a longitudinal instead of a cross-sectional design to collect data? Take the advantages and disadvantages of each design into consideration in your discussion of each design. This discussion should be at least 3/4 of a page long.

What confounds (cohort effects and time of measurement effects) must you take into consideration when using each design. Explain.

1. What were the independent and dependent variables in the Cance et.al, (2013) study? What was the hypothesis? Who were the participants? Ages? How was the data collected?
2. Explain the significance of the results and how the research design was instrumental in measuring the behaviors of the teens.
3. What do the results tell us about the timing of puberty and substance abuse? Explain your answer in detail.