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Science 30: Unit B - Ocean Acidification Lab General Instructions Does a change in dissolved COz cause a change in pH? What's the evidence? Complete Lab 7: Ocean Acidification. This lab contains two parts: o Lab 7A: CO, and Ocean pH -What's the Connection? Read through the information and examine the graph o Lab 7B: Ocean Acidification - A Risky Shell Game? Don't have lab equipment? Don't worry! Watch this instead (up to 2:25): Throughout this activity you will be asked to answer questions, make predictions, record https://www.youtube observations and data, and give conclusions (indicated by \\ ). All your work should be recorded in a Word document. Please include the section title and question with your Record which of the three hypotheses you chose. response. Record your responses to the discussion questions in your Word document: o Describe the results of your CO./pH experiment. Part A: COz and Ocean pH - What's the Connection? o Which hypothesis is supported by the results? Explain why. Oyster farmers sound the alarm about ocean acidification Your experiment was a small-scale experiment completed at a lab bench. Can the results Why is ocean acidification important to oyster farmers? of this experiment be extrapolated to understanding the effect of increased CO, on pH in Your response. the oceans? Explain why or why not? Does a change in dissolved CO2 cause a change in pH? What's the evidence? Comparing time series data of atmospheric CO2, sea surface CO2 and sea water pH can uncover trends Describe the results of your CO2/pH experiment. and causal relationships Your response Which hypothesis is supported by the results? Explain why. Read the information and use the interactive to examine the trends in three data sets. Your response If you do not see a graph you will need to update your browser settings to allow Flash. Click the link and follow the instructions. Ready to start? Go to https://serc.carleton.edu/eslabs/carbon/lab7.html. Have fun! Record your responses to the discussion questions in your Word document: Describe the trend for each data set. Part A: COz and Ocean pH - What's the Connection? o Does comparing the trends from these three time series data sets provide evidence for cause and effect relationship between increasing COz emissions and ocean acidification. Oyster farmers sound the alarm about ocean acidification Explain why or why not. Read the information and watch the video Record your responses to the discussion questions in your Word document: COz, ocean acidification and the ocean's carbonate chemistry system o Discuss: Why is ocean acidification important to oyster farmers? Read through the information and watch the Ocean Chemistry video Record your response to the Stop and Think question in your Word document: Surface ocean acidity has increased by 30% since pre-industrial times O Throughout this module, you have learned that a change in one part of the carbon cycle Read the information can cause changes in other parts of the carbon cycle. Keeping this important theme in mind, explain how an increase in CO, fossil fuel emissions can alter theocean. Understanding pH Chemistry Read the information Part B: Ocean Acidification - A Risky Shell Game? Test your understanding - complete the Checking In questions and check your answers Ocean acidification can impact marine organisms in a variety of ways Read the information and watch the video Record your response to the discussion question in your Word document: o Share your list of how ocean acidification can affect different types of marine organisms with the class. Complete the activity on the work of scientists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute and Marine Laboratories (Steps #1 to #5). For Step #3 and 4, add the table to your Word document and use this to record your information. Test your understanding - complete the Checking In questions and check your answers. Record your response to the Stop and Think question in your Word document: o From the article, choose two types of marine organisms that responded differently to increasing ocean acidification. Compare and contrast them in terms of how they responded to increasing ocean acidity. Now it's your turn to do some research of your own! Read the information and watch the video. Preparation Watch the video, then review the life cycle of a sea urchin by completing the steps below. Record your experimental hypothesis in your Word document. It should address the research question: o Does ocean acidification inhibit the ability of sea urchins-a type of Echinoderm-to build their internal and external skeletons? Virtual Urchin Lab Activity Read over the introductory paragraph, then complete the steps as directed. Your responses for Steps 3 (data table and graph) and 4 (conclusion) should be recorded in your Word document. Record your response to the Discuss questions in your Word document Think about Dr. Hofmann's research and about your results from exposing the sea urchins to a more acidic pH. Then, discuss possible Inswers to the following questions: o How might exposure to a more acidic pH affect the growth, development and reproduction of sea urchins? O If exposure to a more acidic pH caused a decline in some sea urchin populations, how might this affect the storage of carbon in ocean sediments? Why? O What additional research do you think would need to be done to fully explore the effects of ocean acidification on the oceanic biological pump