Please answer the following four questions about Application Layer. $(25$ pts$)$

a$.$ Which of the following is not TRUE for both HTTP $($web$)$ and SMTP $($email$)$ applications?

$($s pts$)$

a$.$ Both of them were the first applications implemented on the Internet architecture

b$.$ Both of them are open protocols specified through RFCs

c$.$ Both of them work as the client requests a resource from the server

d$.$ Both of them have persistent implementations in the Internet today

e$.$ Both of them are client$-$server applications