Please do Question 3 & Question 4

Business Ethics Read the case and answer the following questions in 150- 200 words for each question. Each question will be evaluated based on how it is explained and supporting examples. Case Assignment Questions: 1-What does it mean to Cognizant to operate as a US company in India's IT sector? 2-Describe the legal and ethical violations committed by Cognizant through the payment of bribers in India 3-Ultimately, what financial costs and other losses did Cognizant have to bear as a result of its misconduct? 4. Humphries' arrival on the scene toward the conclusion of the scandat afforded him a rare opportunity to strengthen Cognizant through organizational change driven by the crises what actions could Cognizant take to re-organize itself in order to avoid corrupt practices in the future? Case Study In April 2019, Brian Humphries took over as the chief executive officer (CEO) of Cognizant Technology Solutions (Cognizant), a United States (US)-based information technology (IT) outsourcing company with substantial operations in India. He faced the reverberations of the corruption scandal the company had recently been involved in. Three years earlier, the company had revealed that it was conducting an internal investigation into whether certain payments relating to facilities in India were made improperly and in possible violation of the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA Cognant, which was that time growing its offshore operations in India, freedsgnificant demand for new office space in Chennai Tamil Nadu. To obtain the necessary building permits from government officials, the company's leadership leaned on its contracted construction firm to pay bebes. After a voluntary welf-disclosure before the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) followed by years of legal proceedings on February 13.2019. Cognizant was ordered to pay a total of US$28 million in penalties to the SEC and the US Department of Justice (DOJ). Additionally, the company incurred another 579 million in other expenses related to the matter How could Humphries prevent further incidents of corruption? What contextual knowledge did he need about India and India's IT industry to make a concrete plan for the future? COGNIZANT'S BACKGROUND Headquartered in Teaneck, New Jersey, Cognizant began in 1994 jt venture between the US-based Dune Elradstreet Corporation and the since-merged Indian company Satyam Computer Services Trading under the ticker CTSH. Cognizant joined the NASDAQ in thecame a fully independent timin 2003, when it parent company, IMS Health in 36 percent take Cont provided custom information technology constant technology service, well origiMorecifically. Cantervices included in development of integrated sotrware for Royal Dutch Shell PLC remote cities as well multicho found the world. While Chinant may have considered deinde mision to i cant business world with singular Contrata muy bol ended 2018 wird.mpg 194.00 employees in India Hamples, the CTO Vodafone, Ch's co-founder Francis whole Contact with enfold from 51420 516.1. With of the industry experience expansion in the same period, Condone alla competisie veral distintive capabilities wing strong commitment to try specialties excelenteration, to even forbica of service offerings, both deep and bond INDIA'S IT SERVICES OUTSOURCING INDUSTRY Copiatoperation primarily focused on the colla. Theo che industry of India) was establime de in 1911 det. 1991 when you l'history, The Series Indistingere der Woche poled the country's face band the id from the national Mayor this all which was the form within the Indiased its compe Ang med by the government was the Pret of Special commodo Tormeyen was dy with who comitem y ential gainy In 2003 IT IT and The While it faced challenges during the 2008 ohlension, the IT industry med 5678 billies in total revenue in 2009, thereby contributing to 3.5 percent of the country's rodamit (GDP) les growth continued during the period that followed with a total teveelg SASA 0.7 percent of the GDP in 2017 with 6 percent of that coming from cotet Inne 2019, the industry was strong eye, with a total headcount of almost milliy However, the prowth outlook fad began to dedin part de todo and more stringent US low, leading to a reduced international mobility of India's work Page 3 THE ISSUE OF CORRUPTION IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS that with condum differwachi Co ditt Indian he 1210 ed Meru Despite recent anti-corruption reforms having increased regulatory bodies powers to good arrest India's business environment retained high con respecially in the police, public services, and public procurement sectors." The US-based risk management form that India's comption and freud risk disanded 19 percent of respondents from per The risk of corruption in relation to foreign investment, whether in India or elsewhere, we ding new In 1977, the risk had give rise to the US FCPA. The FCPA was inspired by SEC investigations the 1970 which uncovered more than 300 million in foreign bribes paid by more than 400 US-based companie implicating a range of firm from Lockheed Martin Corporation to Chiquita Brands International Inc. The FCPA prohibited entities from paying bribes to foreign officials in further of a business deal." Amendments to the tercer loopholes, wachas willful lindol and ridiction hay recognizing the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Convention on Combat Hribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transaction. Furthermore, cated legislation is the Sarbanes-Odey Act and the Dodd-Frank A, pod up FCPA cente by better incentiviring both whistleblowers and corporate welfare COGNIZANT'S FCPA VIOLATION Since its inception, and owing to its poutie reputation the market, Con faced with workforce in order to meet in demands. The fim, therefore faced article for physical office space in 2011. Conhood on the Kits Chennai Tamil Nahi which water become one of its largest cities However, in the rest of expony.co.in other projects with the idea of the required pole odprti per othecally to and price in lada The events and to 2016 whicoperto wiede FPA 2019. USS onder det et Digthecary 2014 endis for offic od Bow thweh Furthermore, these bribery schemes were not merely an of local concom. One of the schemes, which occurred in 2014, directly implicated at least three of the firm's op cativos, amely former president Gordon Coburn, former chiellegal officer (CLO) Steven Schwarts, and former chief operates officer COO) Sidhar Thinuvegadan. This scheme, along with two whers, also implicated the Indiancesco and cheering in La Touro Limited (LAT), which had acted as the go between for Content and the recipients of the bes. However, L&T was not officially named by the SEC desde SEC' (c) jurisdiction and always maintained its innocence in the matter The SEC documento revealed that Coprimant had voluntarily self-disclosed its violetteny case of self-declare that preceded the 2017 US DOI policy offering incentives and predictability for companies that report FCPA violations in the form of relation of 25 per contradiction off of the low end of the US Sentencing Guidelines fines Con in der oply with the SEC'Sonderpaid 58 million in penale, while from 2016 to the end of 2018 it also incurred million in related pincluding an internal investigation and legal for Panhemmat DOJ chargest Thiruvenamas well as child criminal charges against hos Coburn and ETHICAL FRAMEWORKS Thew of corruption undoubtedly had gnificant consequences for Cogniant. However, of monetary fines were not the only way for the firm to prevent will beryadi Export in the work to clarify the inherently completion of business to help managers compra curte culture that com The of business this showtivities, policia espected posted pooled in a new by members why we did into woolly, a fim de los precio and in this article published hernal/explicated this cumple y drefour content proves The Apesalahan dewan by the The type lifticamente dine by me Caps w In an increasingly global y MNCS Rethelbi pepesti the United N (UN) Global Company Compleme na tabiples in alle opport UN The Cen 10 principle pagigab, viral.com There we crengilled the latemail Or Standard development of ISO2000 Seleponsibility (2010) 10 37001 AM Bribery Management Sys2016150 26000 pewided pine vithe developinghest pay add to achieved bydwie di proces SO 37001 offered a helping gamitin sich bribery and (1) Defining roles for board and open Hardenbers and top management must actively and positively engage with a fimm anti-corruption policies if they are to be successful. This includes maintaining a compliance with the night status authority, independence, and resources (2) Embedding of compliance Beyond the C-theme's culture must releet the importance of ethical and compliant behavior. It must encourage the evolution of compliance programs that they can adapt to changing risks o Supporting cost approach. A fimm metaphold and enforce the same chical standards across the organization regardless of the geographical location (4) Cascading gowns through the apply chain Anthical fimm must have ethical parte, which the firm can ensure via due diligence, monitoring and diting of thin parties well as byppealing to the global standard Indut in t50 17001 Incredibly striving to be ethical firms can build option and and that the best band busine CONCLUSION thumphries was able to re-establish and antica e culture thoogte Canin ompany a hugaa ta pani t more chwed by income and the finalmet There were here and the doctor we Wentity which was 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 www.stista.com/india.com IT-BPM Industry in india from Year 2009 - 2017 (Mon). Si May 16, 2017.com sed November 2010 Palgrave Mac 2010 Nonal Association of Software Service Companies and indirect Employment of the Source: Created by the case this based on trom Wagang Magent IT-thong to India (London UK Note FT-BPM information technology and process management Direct employees (in millions) Annual growth rate EXHIBIT 1: DIRECT EMPLOYMENT IN THE IT-BPM INDUSTRY IN INDIA 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 EXHIBIT 2. COGNIZANT FCPA VIOLATION TIMELINE Construction of the a begir theo Fredag pem COOTwenga www odontom Ribe condo ngh Pobom 12.5 LAT 500.000 Ganding the Pay DOLAT 2012 2013 2014 2015 M 200 Fok PORA CLOW COO FOPAFA Limited foundation Conform 27 2010 2010 www wooden Comp Pro use Set 2010 www.com WOW e-com 2011 S14 www.g.619 Percy Encouraging Report CPA VL Dec 2017 ob 12.2010 www.coming SFORA Comic Sec 2011 Leden 2018 www Bharani on and perspectives this een with of Cognit Technology Solutions any of employees Varun Sood. Bra Hughes Work Out for Him as Coin CEO Livemit Fy7.2010 Septemb 1. 2018 www.cocoma peapibrinogeshwor scogrant 154955700025 Cognizant Technology Soros Corporation. Fom September 27, 2016 November 2011 www.scotheegeldata/1058200000170312516120673000 Event "Cogitant to livest Over 200 Million in India G. November 2, 2001, www..concettonestow.200 vaan "Cognizant Leaned on Construction Form to Bribe NOETHechowy 1. 2018. 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