Please Explain

1. Expected sales for next year for the Beresford Company is 150,000 units. Curt Planters, manager of the Beresford Division, is under pressure to improve the performance of the Division. As he plans for next year, he has to decide whether to produce 150,000 units or 180,000 units. The Beresford Company will have higher net income if Curt Planters decides to produce

150,000 units if income is measured under absorption costing.

150,000 units if income is measured under variable costing.

180,000 units if income is measured under variable costing.

180,000 units if income is measured under absorption costing.

2. Wilton Co. reported the following results from the sale of 5,000 hammers in May: sales $200,000, variable costs $120,000, fixed costs $60,000, and net income $20,000. Assume that Wilton increases the selling price of hammers by 10% on June 1. How many hammers will have to be sold in June to maintain the same level of net income?

4,500

5,000

4,300

4,000