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When it comes to learning something new, we all have preferred ways of learning. For example, while some people may prefer to learn through images and videos, others learn more effectively through lived experiences. The number of learning preferences, also known as "Blank $1$ styles," are numerous and diverse.

Apparently, our preferred learning styles are significantly shaped by the culture in which we grew up$.$ For example, if you grew up in a low context society, you would likely prefer to learn based on Blank $2$ work. If you grew up in a culture that emphasized cooperation, you will likely be Blank $3$ of ambiguous instructions and explanations when learning. Also, if you grew up in a collectivistic culture, you will probably prefer to learn through the "watch, then do$"$ approach, since you firmly believe that Blank $4$ is the key to success in life.

Keep in mind, however, that some people grow up in multiple cultures and, as a result, feel that they simultaneously belong to more than one ethnic culture, which is a self$-$identity characterized as Blank $5.$

In the article, "Learning as othering," the author Neriko Musha Doerr conducts fieldwork on three American students who studied abroad in France and Spain. The aim of American colleges that send their students to study abroad is to develop them into global citizens who can bridge cultural difference around the world. Neriko contends that, paradoxically, in order to acquire such global competence and become "one" with people from around the world, one must first Blank $6$ them!

Sophie went to Paris to continue her learning of the French language. Sophie closely observed the Blank $7$ and style of dress of the local people, in particular the French women, to learn about the local culture and assimilate. For example, Sophie learned that locals do not smile when they greet strangers because this can mean the smiling person is Blank $8.$ French women also walk differently from American women, and Sophie tried to imitate the former.

Sophie was able to first construct $($in her mind$)$ the difference between "being French" and "being American." It was only after this differentiation that she was able to learn something new about French culture.

Tracy and Maria were two American students who went to Spain to learn more Spanish and$/$or about Spanish culture. Tracy lived with a host mother who could not speak English. She referred to this situation as total Blank $9$ since she was forced to speak Spanish all of the time. She was not aware, however, of how much she had improved in her second language abilities during this time. Only after Tracy interpreted for her host mother and Neriko one day did she recognize the improvement.

Maria, ironically, learned that the United States is not singular in culture but multicultural while studying abroad. For example, she observed some of her fellow American students in Spain who were from Mississippi, and they would wear cowboy boots and tuck in their shirts. People in her home state dressed drastically different. While spending time with people from the same culture as you is often viewed as detrimental to learning during study abroad programs by some scholars in the field, Neriko critiqued this as assuming Blank $10$ of students from that culture$/$country$.$