The following tables summarize the 2022 income statement and end-year balance sheet of Drake’s Bowling Alleys. Drake’s financial manager forecasts a 15% increase in sales and costs in 2023. The ratio of sales to average assets is expected to remain at 0.50. Interest is forecasted at 3% of debt at the start of the year.

INCOME STATEMENT, 2022
(Figures in $ thousands)
Sales	$ 2,100	(50% of average assets)a
Costs	1,050	(50% of sales)
Interest	20	(3% of debt at start of year)b
Pretax profit	$ 1,030
Tax	206	(20% of pretax profit)
Net income	$ 824

^a Assets at the end of 2021 were $4,100,000.

^b Debt at the end of 2021 was $670,000.

BALANCE SHEET, YEAR-END 2022
(Figures in $ thousands)
Assets	$ 4,300	Debt	$ 670
		Equity	3,630
Total	$ 4,300		$ 4,300

What is the implied level of assets at the end of 2023?

If the company pays out 50% of net income as dividends, how much cash will Drake's need to raise in the capital markets in 2023?

If Drake's is unwilling to make an equity issue, what will be the debt ratio at the end of 2023?