(Please Give the Equations to as many )

Create a contribution format income statement

Calculate break even and target profit

Gross margin calculations absorption or variable costing

Segmented financial statements and segment margin Activity-based costing

First stage allocation Second stage allocation Activity rates

• Budgeting:
  • Required purchases from a sales forecast
  • Flexible budgeting variances, both sales and expenses
  • Standard cost variances
    • Quantity variances
    • Efficiency variances
    • Rate variances

• Discontinuing a segment
• Special order
• Constrained resources