Please help me answer 1 and 2

Question 1) In studies of organizations where formal planning did not lead to higher performance, the cause was often A) forces in the external environment B) poor implementation of plans by management c) lack of support by employees D) lack of a clear mission () E) poor communication of plan objectives Question 2) Plans that y the de ails of how t rall goals are to be achieved are called O A) operational ( B) directional O C) strategic O D) single-use O E) standing O 9