Please note that this document contains the descriptions and instructions of two upcoming assignments: Research Assignment Outline (15%) and Final Paper (35%). In order for you to complete the outline, you will need to understand the instructions of the final paper. Hence they are presented both in one document:Outline (15%) & Final Paper (35%)

Please have a look at these sample articles to understand better how you can develop each of the IMRD sections. Keep in mind that these are lengthy articles, and you only need to write a shorter paper between 1000 and 1400 words:

• Perceptions and Experiences of Animal-Assisted Interventions for People Living with Dementia
• Contraceptives as possible risk factors for postpartum depression

ResearchPaperOutline

I. AssignmentDescription:

Develop a detailedoutlinefor a scientific research paper in nursing, adhering to the IMRDstructure (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion). This outline will serve as a foundationalguide forthefinal paper.

II. Instructions:

1. Title Page: Develop a title page following the APA Style and create a concise and descriptivetitle foryourresearch paper.
2. Introduction:Outline the keycomponents ofyourIntroduction section:
   • Background information on yourresearch topic
   • Clearlystatedresearchobjectivesandquestion/hypothesis
   • Conciseliterature review highlighting relevantstudies and gaps in the literature
   • Methodofinvestigation and rationale foryourchosen approach
   • Significance and potential impactofthe research
3. Methods:Create an outline forthe Methodssection(ofyour sources),including:
   • Studydesign(qualitative,quantitative,mixed-methods)
   • Participantsorsubjects(sample selection andethical considerations)
   • Datacollection procedures (methods and tools used)
   • Dataanalysis techniques(statistical oranalyticalmethods employed)
4. Results:Outline thestructure ofyourResults section:
   1. Presentation offindings (mention types oftables,graphs,orfigures)
   2. Keyfindings and theirsignificance in relation to research objectives
5. Discussion/Conclusion:Draftan outline foryourDiscussion section:

• Interpretationofresults in the contextofthe research objectives
• Limitationsofthe study and potential biases
• Suggestionsforfuture research
• Implicationsfornursing practice

6. References: List the four sources you will use in your paper in APA Style include the LINKS of your references

III. SubmissionRequirements:

• Your outline should be clear, organized, and formatted to reflect the structure of the finalpaper.
• Usesubheadings in boldto clearlydelineate sections and subsections.

IV. Rubric

Criteria	Excellent	Good	Satisfactory	NeedsImprovement
Focusand	Well-structured	Mostlyfollows	Somewhat	Des notfollow
Organization	following IMRD;	IMRD;generally	follows IMRD:	IMRD;unclearor
(IMRD)-(30%)	clearfocus	clearfocus	focus is unclear	disorganized
	throughout		in places
Development	Thorough	Good	Basic	Minimal
andAnalysis	developmentof	development;	development;	development;
(50%)	eachsection;	someinsightful	lacks depth in	unclearpointsor
	insightful points	points	analysis	analysis
Grammarand	Fewto no errors;	Some minor	Noticeable	Frequenterrors;
APA Style (20%)	correctly	errors;mostly	errors;	pooradherence
	formatted in APA	correctAPA	inconsistentAPA	toAPA Style
	Style	formatting	formatting

ResearchPaper

I. AssignmentDescription:

In this Scientific Research paper, you are invited to contribute to the field of nursing byconducting scientific research and producing a high-quality scholarly essay by presenting yourfindings using the IMRD Structure (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion). Throughthis, you will develop critical thinking skills, enhance your scientific writing abilities,and contribute to the body of knowledge in your respective field. The topic of the essay is open-ended, allowing you to explore a subject of your choice within the field of nursing.

You are required to includeat least four sourcesin this essay include the links. To provide a comprehensiveoverview of the essay, a concise and descriptive title should be chosen. The body of the essayshould not exceed1,400 words (20 words more or less is fine), allowing you to examine yourresearch with depth and clarity. TheAbstractand theReferencescited within the essay willnot be considered toward the total word count. You are encouraged to incorporate visual aids,suchas tables,graphs,images,orphotos,with propercredits provided where necessary.

This assignment provides an excellent opportunity for nursing students to engage in rigorousresearch, enhance their academic writing skills, and contribute to the advancement of knowledge innursing.

II. Instructions

As you embark on your essay writing journey, it is worth emphasizing the importance ofadhering to the IMRD structure in your scholarly work. IMRD stands forIntroduction,Methods,Results, andDiscussion, and it is a widely recognized format used in scientific and research-based papers. Following this structure will not only enhance the organization and clarity of youressay,butalsowill ensure thatyourideas are effectively communicatedto your readers.

YourScholarly Essay should include the following sections:

• Abstract: Your abstract should state the scope of the research, the methods employed, asummary of the results, along with the main conclusions (as discussed in class). Theabstract should be around250 words(more or less) and follow the conventional format:one paragraph.
• Introduction: In the Introduction section, clearly state the purpose of your study andprovide relevant background information. Present a concisethesis statementthat outlinesthemain objectives ofyouressay and sets the stageforthe subsequentsections.
• Providebackground information on the research topic.
• Clearlystate theresearch objectivesand researchquestions/hypotheses.
• Include a concise review of relevant literature to establish the context of the study. Also,identify the gap in the literature thatthe currentresearch was intended to address.
• If deemed necessary, state the reasons for the choice of a particular method should bebrieflystated.
• Identify the significance and potential impact of the research. You may state the principalresultsofthe research and the principal conclusions suggested by the results.
• Methods: In the Methods section, describe the methodology or approach you used toconduct your research or gather information. This includes details about the study design,participants or subjects, data collection methods, and any statistical or analytical techniquesemployed.
• Describe the research design,methodology,and materials used.
• Explain the data collection procedures, including sample selection and ethicalconsiderations,ifapplicable.
• Explain the protocol followed,the outcomes measured,and how they were assessed.
• Provide a detailed description ofthe data analysis techniques employed.
• Results: The Results section is where you present your findings or outcomes in a clear andconcise manner. Use appropriate tables, graphs, or figures to illustrate your data, andprovide a comprehensive interpretation of your results. Aim to focus on highlighting the keyfindingsthatdirectly address yourresearch objectives.
• Present the collected data in a clear and concise manner using appropriate tables,figures,orgraphs.
• Analyzeand interpretthe results objectively.
• Highlightany significantfindings orpatterns observed.

Note:The overall success ofthe paperdepends on the results since they formits foundation.

• Discussion/Conclusion: The Discussion section is where you critically analyze andinterpret your results, providing context and explaining their implications. Discuss thesignificance of your findings within the broader field of study and consider any limitations orbiases that may have influenced your results. Additionally, address any unansweredquestionsand propose avenues forfuture research.
• Interpret and discuss the results in the context of the research objectives and relevantliterature.
• Addressany limitations ofthe study and propose potential areas forfuture research.
• Compareand contrastthe findings with existing theories orprevious research.
• Discussthe implications ofthe research and its contribution to the field ofstudy.

By following the IMRD structure, you will present your essay in a logical and systematic manner,allowing your readers to easily follow your thought process and grasp the significance of yourwork. Remember to support your arguments with relevant citations and adhere to theappropriate referencingstyle.

III. GeneralTips

• Compose approximately1,000-1,400 words
• Communicate your ideas, using appropriate grammar, syntax, punctuation, and formaltone.
• Use appropriatescientificlanguage when referring toscientificelements.
• Make sure you paraphrase instead of including long quotations. Direct quotations areexpected only whenyou are analyzingstatistics,numbers,andresults.Ifquotesare included, work all of them smoothly into grammatical sentences that explain how and whythequote supports yourarguments.
• Donotforgetto cite(in-textcitation)yoursources everytime you refertothem.
• Use the 3^rd person in your formal essay. Do not use the "I," "we," "my," "our," or the "you,""yours,"butinstead say,"the author," "thearticle,or"the findings."
• Includepersuasive evidence fromyourexternal sources.
• Develop a logical, insightful, and coherent analysis that expands on the significance ofscientificevidenceand knowledge in oral health.
• CiteinAPAStyle,7^thedition(formatting,in-textcitations,References page).
• Write each section, using the appropriatetense(you may refer to Slides for furtherinformationon the tenses).
• Yourpapershould be double-spaced.
• Submityourpapereither inWordorpdfformat.

IV. Rubric

FocusandOrganization(30%)
Superior/Advanced(85-100%)	Very Good(61-84%)	Fair(41-60%)	Below Expectations(20-40%)	INC
IntroductionandMethods sections includecompletedetail, and ahypothesis or question isincluded. In theResultssection,the collected data ispresentedclearlyandconciselyusingappropriate tables,figures, or graphs.Significant findingsorpatterns are effectivelyhighlighted,demonstrating a keenattention to detail. Thefocus is on key findingsthat directly address theresearch objectives,showcasing a strongconnectionbetween theresults and the study'spurpose. Discussion sectionincludesdetailedandcomprehensiveinterpretationof theresults.	IntroductionandMethods sections showsignificantdetail, and ahypothesis or question isincluded. In theResultssection,the collected data ispresented in a clearmanner, utilizing suitabletables, figures, or graphs.Significantfindings orpatterns are mentioned,although some could behighlighted moreeffectively. The focus onkey findings that directlyaddress the researchobjectives is generallypresent,but it could befurtherstrengthened. Discussion sectionincludesdetailedinterpretation of theresults.	IntroductionandMethods sections havesomehowsufficientdetail, and a hypothesisorquestionisincluded. In theResultssection,the presentation of thecollected data issomewhatclear andconcise, but there may beroom for improvement inusing appropriate tables,figures, or graphs.Somesignificant findings orpatterns are highlighted,although not all areeffectively emphasized.The focus on key findingsthat directly address theresearch objectives issomewhatevident, but itmay lack consistency orclarity. Discussion sectionincludesbasicinterpretation of theresults.	IntroductionandMethods sections haveinsufficientdetail aboutthe study/researchconducted. In theResultssection,the presentation of thecollected datalacksclarity and conciseness,with insufficient use ofappropriate tables,figures, or graphs.Significant findings orpatternsmay not beadequately highlightedordiscussed. The focuson key findings thatdirectly address theresearch objectives isunclearorabsent,indicating a lack ofconnection between theresults and the study'spurpose. Discussion sectiondoesnotinclude sufficientinterpretation of theresults.	Incomplete
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DevelopmentandAnalysis(30%)

Superior/ Advanced(85-100%)	Very Good(61-84%)	Fair(41-60%)	Below Expectations(20-40%)	INC
Student's claim andpoints areconsistentlysupported withappropriate, relevant,logical, convincing,andcreative evidence fromthesources. Evidenceiscriticallyandlogically explained,explicated,andunpacked throughanalysis that isvariedandfullydetailed.	Student'sclaimpointsaremostly supportedwithappropriate,relevant, logical, andconvincing evidence fromthesources. Mostevidence islogically explainedthrough analysis that isvariedanddetailed.	Student's claim andpoints are supportedwithsome appropriate,relevant, and logicalevidence from thesources. Evidence issomewhatexplained; analysis ofevidence isrushed,superficial,andunclear.	Student's claim andpoints are supportedwithvery littleevidence. Evidence isinsufficiently and/orillogically explained;analysis is significantlyunderdeveloped ormissing.	Incomplete
10-------------9.3----------8.5	8.4------------7.3---------6.1	6.0------------5.0---------4.1	4.0-------------3.0----------2.0	SeeProf

GrammarandMechanics(20%)
Superior/ Advanced(85-100%)	Very Good(61-84%)	Fair(41-60%)	Below Expectations(20-40%)	NR/INC
Writing isclear,accurate, concise,andcreative. Language is specific andtone isaudienceappropriate. Quotationsandparaphrases fromsources areeffectivelyand seamlesslyintegrated. Sentences areclear,varied,andengaging. Free ofgrammar,spelling, and mechanicalerrors.	Writing ismostlyclear,accurate,andconcise. Language ismostlyspecific, and tone ismostlyaudienceappropriate. Quotations andparaphrases aremostlyeffectivelyintegrated. Sentences aremostlyclear, varied, andengaging. Very fewgrammar andspellingerrors. Very fewmechanicalerrors (fragments,comma splices, run-ons,misuseofpunctuation).	Writingissomewhatclear, accurate, andconcise. Languageissomewhatspecific, and tone issomewhataudienceappropriate. Someeffectiveintegration of quotationsandparaphrases. Sentences aresomewhat clear, varied,andengaging. Somegrammar andspellingerrors. Somemechanical errors(fragments, commasplices, run-ons, misuseofpunctuation).	Writing ismostly unclear,inaccurate, and notconcise. Language isnotspecific,and tone isnot audienceappropriate. Feweffectively integratedquotations andparaphrases; quotationsandparaphrasesareoftenabrupt, jarring, orfloatingor the project isoverwhelmed byquotations. Sentences arenotclear,varied,orengaging. Manygrammar andspellingerrors. Manymechanical errors(fragments, commasplices, run-ons, misuseofpunctuation).	Incomplete
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APAStyleandReferencingFormats(20%)
Superior/ Advanced(85-100%)	Very Good(61-84%)	Fair(41-60%)	Below Expectations(20-40%)	INC
In-text citations forquotations andparaphrases areconsistentlycorrect. APAStylereferencesare completelycorrect. Allsourcescitedinthe	In-text citations forquotations andparaphrases aremostlycorrect. APA Style referencesaremostlycorrect. Formatrequirementsare	In-text citations forquotations andparaphrases aresomewhatcorrect. APA Style referencesaresomewhatcorrect. Formatrequirements	In-text citations forquotations aremostlyincorrect. APAStylereferencesare mostlyincorrect. Sources cited in the textdonotappearinthe	Incomplete

text appear in thereference list at the endofthepaper. Formatrequirementsare consistentlycorrect.	mostlycorrect.	aresomewhatcorrect.	reference list at the end ofthepaper. Formatrequirementsare mostlyincorrect.
10-------------9.3----------8.5	8.4------------7.3---------6.1	6.0------------5.0---------4.1	4.0-------------3.0----------2.0	SeeProf