Please read the following excerpt and answer the next two questions:

The Shackleton Adventures On December 5, 1914, Sir Ernest H. Shackleton and 27 men under his command sailed from South Georgia Island in the South Atlantic aboard the ship Endurance. Since the South Pole had been reached a few years earlier by other polar explorers, Shackletons goal was to be the first to traverse the continent by foot.

In January 1915, with Antarctica far off, but in view, the Endurance became trapped in a sea of ice. For nine months, the ship and the men lay stranded in the frozen mass. Then, in October 1915, the unthinkable happened: the Endurance was crushed by sheets of heavy ice, and Shackleton and his crew were forced off the ship. With his mens survival as his new goal, Shackleton began to focus his every effort on getting them all back alive. The men salvaged what they could and camped on the surrounding ice floes for several months, surviving mostly on seals and penguins, sleeping on the cold wet ice, and enduring unrelenting subzero temperatures.

In April of 1916, when the ice began to break up, Shackleton and his men set out in three lifeboats to find a distant island where whalers might be their only hope of rescue. Upon landing on their only option, Elephant Island, after nearly 15 months at sea, the men were relieved to be on dry land.

However, Shackleton knew that this island offered no hope of rescue as whalers traditionally avoided it due to its uninhabitable topography. In an act of true courage, Shackleton and five carefully selected members of the crew set out in one of the lifeboats on a heroic 800-mile journey across the most treacherous seas known to the planet to find South Georgia Island and seek help.

Miraculously, the six men found South Georgia but met many more obstacles upon reaching the island. Four months later, on August 31, 1916, 22 months since the launch of the expedition, Shackleton secured a loaner ship and guided it to Elephant Island to rescue the 22 men he left behind.

Unlike most of the other polar expeditions of similar travail, every man survivednot only in fairly good health, but also in good spiritsall due to the skills of the leader.

1.

The Shackleton Adventure is often quoted as an example of Transformational Leadership: What is the best definition of this type of leadership?

Select one:

a.The followers are connected to the leader through a sense of purpose, role-modeling and integrity from the leader

b. The leaders focus is on developing other people and nurturing members of their own team

c. Leaders play a role in helping their team or group react to change

d. Leaders are part of an exchange with the members of the team

2. Ernest Shackleton was heralded not only for his leadership practice, but also his superior marine navigation skills and willingness to take any risk he asked of his team himself. This is the best example of which of the Is of transformational leadership?

Select one:

a.The followers are connected to the leader through a sense of purpose, role-modeling and integrity from the leader

b.The leaders focus is on developing other people and nurturing members of their own team

c.Leaders play a role in helping their team or group react to change

d.Leaders are part of an exchange with the members of the team