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Session 5: Case Study 1 - From Shelter to Equity: Elemental Incremental Housing

5.1 Overview of the Case Study

This week's reading delves into Elemental Incremental Housing, an innovative solution emerging from Chile, which addresses pressing housing shortages through a unique approach: homes that are only partially constructed initially, allowing residents the opportunity to expand them over time (Cook & Boyer, 2012; Greenspan, 2016). This model not only combines practical design principles with active community participation but also empowers low-income households to secure affordable housing while simultaneously building wealth over a longer timeframe. Halloran (2021) emphasizes that incremental housing strategies effectively decrease financial pressures on families, whereas Bemanian and Azizibabani (2019) highlight a notable increase in residential satisfaction and community resilience when residents have an active role in shaping their living environments.

5.2 Strengths and Opportunities

One of the most significant strengths of this model is its inherent flexibility. Residents directly participate in the expansion of their homes, which fosters a sense of ownership and equips them with valuable skills, ultimately adding long-term value to their properties (Cook & Boyer, 2012; Halloran, 2021). Additionally, the model capitalizes on economies of scale, promotes local contractor involvement, and possesses a replicable framework, making it potentially applicable to various resource-constrained settings beyond Chile.

5.3 Weaknesses and Challenges

Despite these strengths, the model relies on several assumptions that may not hold for all residents. It presumes that individuals have the financial capability, construction skills, and access to creditconditions that may not exist for everyone. Consequently, the approach could inadvertently lead to disparities among residents, as wealthier households might be able to expand their homes at a faster pace than lower-income ones (Bemanian & Azizibabani, 2019; Greenspan, 2016). Furthermore, Stoloff (in Greenspan, 2016) raises a cultural concern, suggesting that the perception of having a "half a house" could be viewed as demeaning in certain contexts. Halloran (2021) provides valuable legal insights; however, the case's focus on Chile may limit its applicability and adaptability in regions such as Africa.

5.4 Critical Reflections

The Elemental model illustrates how social innovation can effectively merge housing provision with wealth generation. Nonetheless, important equity issues remain, particularly when considering the varying capacities of households to expand their homes. The cultural critique posed by Stoloff prompts a significant reflection on whether such a model can be successfully embraced in South Africa, where concepts of dignity and identity are closely tied to the notion of complete housing.

5.5 Next Steps

There exists a compelling opportunity to adapt the Elemental approach to peri-urban communities in South Africa. This can be done by incorporating microfinance solutions, offering technical support, and engaging in participatory planning to ensure that the model resonates culturally with local residents. This prompts an essential question: How might incremental housing initiatives align with the socio-economic conditions and cultural values in South Africa, especially in relation to the deep-rooted association between dignity and the ownership of a complete home?