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Chapter 3

Question 75- InCanada and the United Kingdom, devices that measure blood glucose levels provide a reading in millimoles per liter. If a measurement of 5.3 mMis observed, what is the concentration of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) in mg/dL?

Step 1- Understanding what has been asked

We're converting millimoles per liter (mM) to milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).

• mM (millimoles per liter) tells us how many molecules of glucose are in one liter of blood.
• mg/DL (milligrams per deciliter) tells us how much mass of glucose is in one-tenth of a liter of blood

Step 2- Use the molecular weight of glucose

Glucose has the chemical formula CHO

• carbon (C): 6 atoms 12.01 g/mol = 72.06 g/mol
• Hydrogen (H): 12 atoms x 1.008 g/mol = 12.10 g/mol
• Oxygen (O): 6 atoms x 16.00 g/mol = 96.00 g/mol

Total molar mass = 72.06 + 12.10 + 96.00 = 180.16 g/mol

Its molecular weight is about 180.16 grams per mole.

• That means 1 mole of glucose weighs 180.16 grams.
• So 1 millimole (mM) weighs 180.16 milligrams.

Step 3- Use the conversion formula

We're converting liters to deciliters (1L = 10 dL so we divide by 10)

1 dL = 0.1 L

mg/DL = mM X molecular weight X 0.1

Step 4- Plug everything in!

known: 5.3 mM of glucose

mg/DL = 5.3 X 180.16 X 0.1

5.3 X180.16= 954.848

954.848 X 0.1 = 95.484

Step 5- Simplify

Final Answer: 95.5 mg/dL

Reflection

At first, I wasn't sure how to begin because the units seemed overwhelming. Breaking it down step by step and remembering that 1 mM is the same as 1 mmol/L made it much easier. This problem helped me see how blood glucose results are converted in real life, especially since the U.S. uses mg/dL and other countries use mM.

Chapter 4

Question 82 - Potatoes can be peeled commercially by soaking them in a 3-M to 6-M solution of sodium hydroxide, then removing the loosened skins by spraying them with water. Does a sodium hydroxide solution have a suitable concentration if titration of 12.00 mL of the solution requires 30.6 mL of 1.65 M HCl to reach the endpoint?

Step 1: What do we know?

• Volume of NaOH solution: 12.00 mL
• Volume of HCl used: 30.6 mL
• Concentration of HCl: 1.65 M
• Reaction:

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