Question: Please show work to the answer. You are an analyst working for Goldman Sachs, and you are trying to value the growth potential of a
You are an analyst working for Goldman Sachs, and you are trying to value the growth potential of a large, established company, Big Industries. Big Industries has a thriving R\&D division that has consistently turned out successful products. You estimate that, on average, the division launches two projects every three years, so you estimate that there is a 69% chance that a project will be produced every year. Typically, the investment opportunities the R\&D division produces require an initial investment of $10.2 million and yield profits of $1.04 million per year that grow at one of three possible growth rates in perpetuity: 2.6%,0.0%, and 2.6%. All three growth rates are equally likely for any given project. These opportunities are always "take it or leave it" opportunities: If they are not undertaken immediately, they disappear forever. Assume that all the probabilities are risk-neutral probabilities, which means the cost of capital is always the risk-free rate and risk-free rates follow this path: The current interest rate for a risk-free perpetuity is 8.1%; in one year, there is a 62% chance that all risk-free interest rates will be 10.4% and stay there forever and a 38% chance that they will be 6.1% and stay there forever. The current one-year risk-free rate is 6.9%. What is the present value of all future growth opportunities Big Industries will produce? (Hint: Make sure to round all intermediate calculations to at least four decimal places.) What is the present value at time 0 of all future growth opportunities? The present value is $ million. (Round to three decimal places.)
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