Question: please solve it , process integration subject Vinyl acetate monomer VAM is manufactured by reacting acetic acid with oxygen and ethylene according to the following


Vinyl acetate monomer "VAM" is manufactured by reacting acetic acid with oxygen and ethylene according to the following chemical reaction: C2H4+0.5O2+C2H4O2=C4H6O2+H2O (ethylene oxygen acetic acid VAM water) Consider the process shown in Fig. 4.45. In an acid tower, 10,000kg/hr of acetic acid "AA" along with 200kg/hr of water are evaporated. The vapor is fed with oxygen and ethylene to the reactor where 7000kg/hr of acetic acid are reacted and 10,000kg/hr of VAM are formed. The reactor off-gas is cooled and fed to the first absorber, where AA (5100kg/hr) is used as a solvent. Almost all the gases leave from the top of the first absorption column together with 1200kg/hr of AA. This stream is fed to the second absorption column where water (200kg/hr) is used to scrub acetic acid. The bottom product of the first absorption column is fed to the primary distillation tower where VAM is recovered as a top product (10,000kg/hr), along with small amount of AA (100kg/hr), which is not worth recovering, and water (200kg/hr). This stream is sent to final finishing. The bottom product of the primary tower (6800kg/hr of AA and 2300kg/hr of water) is mixed with the bottom product of the second absorption column (1200kg/hr of AA and 200kg/hr of water). The mixed waste is fed to a neutralization system followed by biotreatment. The following technical constraints should be observed in any proposed solution. The following technical constraints should be bserved in any proposed solution. Neutralization: [4.53] 0 Flow Rate of Feed to Neutrazation (kg/hr)11,000 [4.54] 0AA in Feed to Neutralization (wt\%) 85% Acid Tower: [4.55] 10,200 Flow Rate of Feed to Acid Tower (kg/hr)11,200 [4.56] 0.0 Water in Feed to Acid Tower (wt%)10.0 First Absorber: [4.57] 5,100 Flow Rate of Feed to Absorber I (kg/hr)6000 [4.58] 0.0 Water in Feed to Absorber I (wt\%) 5.0 It can be assumed that the process performance will not significantly change as a result of directrecycle activities. What is the target for minimum usage (kg/hr) of fresh acetic acid in the process if segregation, mixing, and direct recycle are used? Develop three implementations to reach the target
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