Please use R and you submit a word document, you must copy your R Code and results (generally just copy what the output in the console is and it will include your code). Don't provide me R code with original data output please - it makes it too long. When you copy and paste it to word please make sure the R Code / Output is in courier font (10 pt).

1 Machine Learning Using the Mpg.csv dataset (See Data Files Link in Blackboard or in git), answer the questions below. The analysis wishes to understand how MPG is related to other core variables.

(a) provide an appropriate training set (80%) and test set (20%) for the data.

(b) Run a basic linear regression and identify the important variables against the training set.

(c) Once you have a model, provide measures of accuracy (e.g. ME, MAE, MPE, MAPE, RMSE, etc) for the training set.

(d) Run the model against the test set and provide measures of accuracy.

(e) For any final model you choose interpret all significant variables within the context of the question.

(f) [Optional] run the model with the training set then iteratively add one row to the training set, and test measures of accuracy against the test test, i.e. allow the model to change coefficients as new data comes in. Store the measures of accuracy in a data frame for each run, and interpret the results. This requires some deep coding, but for those who want to give it a try, I will help you with it.

Note. Kindly see data

datasets/mpg.csv

https://git.cs.hofstra.edu/acsazp/it270/blob/0d56862a648efb0366082455d5032627ba55a00a/datasets/mpg.csv

"","mpg","cylinders","displacement","horsepower","weight","acceleration","model_year","origin","car name","NA","NA" "1",18,8,307,130,3504,12,70,1,"""chevrolet","chevelle","malibu""" "2",15,8,350,165,3693,11.5,70,1,"""buick","skylark","320""" "3",16,8,304,150,3433,12,70,1,"""amc","rebel","sst""" "4",15,8,429,198,4341,10,70,1,"""ford","galaxie","500""" "5",14,8,440,215,4312,8.5,70,1,"""plymouth","fury","iii""" "6",15,8,390,190,3850,8.5,70,1,"""amc","ambassador","dpl""" "7",15,8,383,170,3563,10,70,1,"""dodge","challenger","se""" "8",14,8,340,160,3609,8,70,1,"""plymouth","'cuda","340""" "9",15,8,400,150,3761,9.5,70,1,"""chevrolet","monte","carlo""" "10",14,8,455,225,3086,10,70,1,"""buick","estate","wagon" "11",24,4,113,95,2372,15,70,3,"""toyota","corona","mark" "12",26,4,97,46,1835,20.5,70,2,"""volkswagen","1131","deluxe" "13",24,4,107,90,2430,14.5,70,2,"""audi","100","ls""" "14",28,4,140,90,2264,15.5,71,1,"""chevrolet","vega","2300""" "15",16,6,225,105,3439,15.5,71,1,"""plymouth","satellite","custom""" "16",17,6,250,100,3329,15.5,71,1,"""chevrolet","chevelle","malibu""" "17",19,6,250,88,3302,15.5,71,1,"""ford","torino","500""" "18",14,8,400,175,4464,11.5,71,1,"""pontiac","catalina","brougham""" "19",14,8,351,153,4154,13.5,71,1,"""ford","galaxie","500""" "20",14,8,318,150,4096,13,71,1,"""plymouth","fury","iii""" "21",12,8,383,180,4955,11.5,71,1,"""dodge","monaco","(sw)""" "22",13,8,400,170,4746,12,71,1,"""ford","country","squire" "23",13,8,400,175,5140,12,71,1,"""pontiac","safari","(sw)""" "24",18,6,258,110,2962,13.5,71,1,"""amc","hornet","sportabout" "25",22,4,140,72,2408,19,71,1,"""chevrolet","vega","(sw)""" "26",23,4,122,86,2220,14,71,1,"""mercury","capri","2000""" "27",31,4,71,65,1773,19,71,3,"""toyota","corolla","1200""" "28",27,4,97,60,1834,19,71,2,"""volkswagen","model","111""" "29",24,4,113,95,2278,15.5,72,3,"""toyota","corona","hardtop""" "30",25,4,97.5,80,2126,17,72,1,"""dodge","colt","hardtop""" "31",23,4,97,54,2254,23.5,72,2,"""volkswagen","type","3""" "32",21,4,122,86,2226,16.5,72,1,"""ford","pinto","runabout""" "33",15,8,318,150,4135,13.5,72,1,"""plymouth","fury","iii""" "34",14,8,351,153,4129,13,72,1,"""ford","galaxie","500""" "35",17,8,304,150,3672,11.5,72,1,"""amc","ambassador","sst""" "36",13,8,350,155,4502,13.5,72,1,"""buick","lesabre","custom""" "37",12,8,350,160,4456,13.5,72,1,"""oldsmobile","delta","88" "38",13,8,400,190,4422,12.5,72,1,"""chrysler","newport","royal""" "39",19,3,70,97,2330,13.5,72,3,"""mazda","rx2","coupe""" "40",15,8,304,150,3892,12.5,72,1,"""amc","matador","(sw)""" "41",13,8,307,130,4098,14,72,1,"""chevrolet","chevelle","concours" "42",13,8,302,140,4294,16,72,1,"""ford","gran","torino" "43",14,8,318,150,4077,14,72,1,"""plymouth","satellite","custom" "44",18,4,121,112,2933,14.5,72,2,"""volvo","145e","(sw)""" "45",22,4,121,76,2511,18,72,2,"""volkswagen","411","(sw)""" "46",21,4,120,87,2979,19.5,72,2,"""peugeot","504","(sw)""" "47",26,4,96,69,2189,18,72,2,"""renault","12","(sw)""" "48",22,4,122,86,2395,16,72,1,"""ford","pinto","(sw)""" "49",28,4,97,92,2288,17,72,3,"""datsun","510","(sw)""" "50",23,4,120,97,2506,14.5,72,3,"""toyouta","corona","mark" "51",28,4,98,80,2164,15,72,1,"""dodge","colt","(sw)""" "52",27,4,97,88,2100,16.5,72,3,"""toyota","corolla","1600" "53",13,8,350,175,4100,13,73,1,"""buick","century","350""" "54",14,8,302,137,4042,14.5,73,1,"""ford","gran","torino""" "55",15,8,318,150,3777,12.5,73,1,"""dodge","coronet","custom""" "56",12,8,429,198,4952,11.5,73,1,"""mercury","marquis","brougham""" "57",13,8,400,150,4464,12,73,1,"""chevrolet","caprice","classic""" "58",14,8,318,150,4237,14.5,73,1,"""plymouth","fury","gran" "59",13,8,440,215,4735,11,73,1,"""chrysler","new","yorker" "60",12,8,455,225,4951,11,73,1,"""buick","electra","225" "61",13,8,360,175,3821,11,73,1,"""amc","ambassador","brougham""" "62",16,6,250,100,3278,18,73,1,"""chevrolet","nova","custom""" "63",26,4,97,46,1950,21,73,2,"""volkswagen","super","beetle""" "64",13,8,360,170,4654,13,73,1,"""plymouth","custom","suburb""" "65",12,8,350,180,4499,12.5,73,1,"""oldsmobile","vista","cruiser""" "66",21,6,155,107,2472,14,73,1,"""mercury","capri","v6""" "67",26,4,98,90,2265,15.5,73,2,"""fiat","124","sport" "68",15,8,350,145,4082,13,73,1,"""chevrolet","monte","carlo" "69",16,8,400,230,4278,9.5,73,1,"""pontiac","grand","prix""" "70",15,8,318,150,3399,11,73,1,"""dodge","dart","custom""" "71",20,6,156,122,2807,13.5,73,3,"""toyota","mark","ii""" "72",32,4,71,65,1836,21,74,3,"""toyota","corolla","1200""" "73",16,6,250,100,3781,17,74,1,"""chevrolet","chevelle","malibu" "74",18,6,225,105,3613,16.5,74,1,"""plymouth","satellite","sebring""" "75",16,8,302,140,4141,14,74,1,"""ford","gran","torino""" "76",13,8,350,150,4699,14.5,74,1,"""buick","century","luxus" "77",14,8,318,150,4457,13.5,74,1,"""dodge","coronet","custom" "78",14,8,302,140,4638,16,74,1,"""ford","gran","torino" "79",14,8,304,150,4257,15.5,74,1,"""amc","matador","(sw)""" "80",26,4,116,75,2246,14,74,2,"""fiat","124","tc""" "81",19,6,225,95,3264,16,75,1,"""plymouth","valiant","custom""" "82",15,8,350,145,4440,14,75,1,"""chevrolet","bel","air""" "83",16,8,318,150,4498,14.5,75,1,"""plymouth","grand","fury""" "84",16,6,250,105,3897,18.5,75,1,"""chevroelt","chevelle","malibu""" "85",20,8,262,110,3221,13.5,75,1,"""chevrolet","monza","2+2""" "86",13,8,302,129,3169,12,75,1,"""ford","mustang","ii""" "87",33,4,91,53,1795,17.5,75,3,"""honda","civic","cvcc""" "88",17.5,8,305,140,4215,13,76,1,"""chevrolet","chevelle","malibu" "89",16,8,318,150,4190,13,76,1,"""dodge","coronet","brougham""" "90",14.5,8,351,152,4215,12.8,76,1,"""ford","gran","torino""" "91",20,6,225,100,3651,17.7,76,1,"""dodge","aspen","se""" "92",18,6,250,78,3574,21,76,1,"""ford","granada","ghia""" "93",18.5,6,250,110,3645,16.2,76,1,"""pontiac","ventura","sj""" "94",17.5,6,258,95,3193,17.8,76,1,"""amc","pacer","d/l""" "95",13,8,318,150,3940,13.2,76,1,"""plymouth","volare","premier" "96",19,6,156,108,2930,15.5,76,3,"""toyota","mark","ii""" "97",31.5,4,98,68,2045,18.5,77,3,"""honda","accord","cvcc""" "98",30,4,111,80,2155,14.8,77,1,"""buick","opel","isuzu" "99",36,4,79,58,1825,18.6,77,2,"""renault","5","gtl""" "100",25.5,4,122,96,2300,15.5,77,1,"""plymouth","arrow","gs""" "101",33.5,4,85,70,1945,16.8,77,3,"""datsun","f-10","hatchback""" "102",17.5,8,305,145,3880,12.5,77,1,"""chevrolet","caprice","classic""" "103",17,8,260,110,4060,19,77,1,"""oldsmobile","cutlass","supreme""" "104",15.5,8,318,145,4140,13.7,77,1,"""dodge","monaco","brougham""" "105",15,8,302,130,4295,14.9,77,1,"""mercury","cougar","brougham""" "106",19,6,225,100,3630,17.7,77,1,"""plymouth","volare","custom""" "107",16,8,400,180,4220,11.1,77,1,"""pontiac","grand","prix" "108",15.5,8,350,170,4165,11.4,77,1,"""chevrolet","monte","carlo" "109",29,4,97,78,1940,14.5,77,2,"""volkswagen","rabbit","custom""" "110",24.5,4,151,88,2740,16,77,1,"""pontiac","sunbird","coupe""" "111",26,4,97,75,2265,18.2,77,3,"""toyota","corolla","liftback""" "112",25.5,4,140,89,2755,15.8,77,1,"""ford","mustang","ii" "113",33.5,4,98,83,2075,15.9,77,1,"""dodge","colt","m/m""" "114",43.1,4,90,48,1985,21.5,78,2,"""volkswagen","rabbit","custom" "115",32.8,4,78,52,1985,19.4,78,3,"""mazda","glc","deluxe""" "116",39.4,4,85,70,2070,18.6,78,3,"""datsun","b210","gx""" "117",36.1,4,91,60,1800,16.4,78,3,"""honda","civic","cvcc""" "118",19.9,8,260,110,3365,15.5,78,1,"""oldsmobile","cutlass","salon" "119",20.2,8,302,139,3570,12.8,78,1,"""mercury","monarch","ghia""" "120",19.2,6,231,105,3535,19.2,78,1,"""pontiac","phoenix","lj""" "121",20.2,6,200,85,2965,15.8,78,1,"""ford","fairmont","(auto)""" "122",25.1,4,140,88,2720,15.4,78,1,"""ford","fairmont","(man)""" "123",20.6,6,231,105,3380,15.8,78,1,"""buick","century","special""" "124",18.1,6,258,120,3410,15.1,78,1,"""amc","concord","d/l""" "125",19.2,8,305,145,3425,13.2,78,1,"""chevrolet","monte","carlo" "126",17.7,6,231,165,3445,13.4,78,1,"""buick","regal","sport" "127",17.5,8,318,140,4080,13.7,78,1,"""dodge","magnum","xe""" "128",21.1,4,134,95,2515,14.8,78,3,"""toyota","celica","gt" "129",23.8,4,151,85,2855,17.6,78,1,"""oldsmobile","starfire","sx""" "130",29.5,4,98,68,2135,16.6,78,3,"""honda","accord","lx""" "131",21.5,6,231,115,3245,15.4,79,1,"""pontiac","lemans","v6""" "132",19.8,6,200,85,2990,18.2,79,1,"""mercury","zephyr","6""" "133",22.3,4,140,88,2890,17.3,79,1,"""ford","fairmont","4""" "134",20.2,6,232,90,3265,18.2,79,1,"""amc","concord","dl" "135",20.6,6,225,110,3360,16.6,79,1,"""dodge","aspen","6""" "136",17,8,305,130,3840,15.4,79,1,"""chevrolet","caprice","classic""" "137",17.6,8,302,129,3725,13.4,79,1,"""ford","ltd","landau""" "138",16.5,8,351,138,3955,13.2,79,1,"""mercury","grand","marquis""" "139",18.2,8,318,135,3830,15.2,79,1,"""dodge","st.","regis""" "140",16.9,8,350,155,4360,14.9,79,1,"""buick","estate","wagon" "141",15.5,8,351,142,4054,14.3,79,1,"""ford","country","squire" "142",19.2,8,267,125,3605,15,79,1,"""chevrolet","malibu","classic" "143",18.5,8,360,150,3940,13,79,1,"""chrysler","lebaron","town" "144",31.9,4,89,71,1925,14,79,2,"""vw","rabbit","custom""" "145",34.1,4,86,65,1975,15.2,79,3,"""maxda","glc","deluxe""" "146",35.7,4,98,80,1915,14.4,79,1,"""dodge","colt","hatchback" "147",27.4,4,121,80,2670,15,79,1,"""amc","spirit","dl""" "148",25.4,5,183,77,3530,20.1,79,2,"""mercedes","benz","300d""" "149",23.9,8,260,90,3420,22.2,79,1,"""oldsmobile","cutlass","salon" "150",34.5,4,105,70,2150,14.9,79,1,"""plymouth","horizon","tc3""" "151",37.3,4,91,69,2130,14.7,79,2,"""fiat","strada","custom""" "152",28.4,4,151,90,2670,16,79,1,"""buick","skylark","limited""" "153",26.8,6,173,115,2700,12.9,79,1,"""oldsmobile","omega","brougham""" "154",38.1,4,89,60,1968,18.8,80,3,"""toyota","corolla","tercel""" "155",29.8,4,134,90,2711,15.5,80,3,"""toyota","corona","liftback""" "156",37,4,119,92,2434,15,80,3,"""datsun","510","hatchback""" "157",44.3,4,90,48,2085,21.7,80,2,"""vw","rabbit","c" "158",43.4,4,90,48,2335,23.7,80,2,"""vw","dasher","(diesel)""" "159",36.4,5,121,67,2950,19.9,80,2,"""audi","5000s","(diesel)""" "160",44.6,4,91,67,1850,13.8,80,3,"""honda","civic","1500" "161",23.7,3,70,100,2420,12.5,80,3,"""mazda","rx-7","gs""" "162",35,4,122,88,2500,15.1,80,2,"""triumph","tr7","coupe""" "163",25.8,4,156,92,2620,14.4,81,1,"""dodge","aries","wagon" "164",35.1,4,81,60,1760,16.1,81,3,"""honda","civic","1300""" "165",37,4,85,65,1975,19.4,81,3,"""datsun","210","mpg""" "166",34.1,4,91,68,1985,16,81,3,"""mazda","glc","4""" "167",34.7,4,105,63,2215,14.9,81,1,"""plymouth","horizon","4""" "168",34.4,4,98,65,2045,16.2,81,1,"""ford","escort","4w""" "169",29.9,4,98,65,2380,20.7,81,1,"""ford","escort","2h""" "170",28.1,4,141,80,3230,20.4,81,2,"""peugeot","505s","turbo" "171",24.2,6,146,120,2930,13.8,81,3,"""datsun","810","maxima""" "172",26.6,8,350,105,3725,19,81,1,"""oldsmobile","cutlass","ls""" "173",20.2,6,200,88,3060,17.1,81,1,"""ford","granada","gl""" "174",17.6,6,225,85,3465,16.6,81,1,"""chrysler","lebaron","salon""" "175",27,4,112,88,2640,18.6,82,1,"""chevrolet","cavalier","wagon""" "176",34,4,112,88,2395,18,82,1,"""chevrolet","cavalier","2-door""" "177",31,4,112,85,2575,16.2,82,1,"""pontiac","j2000","se" "178",29,4,135,84,2525,16,82,1,"""dodge","aries","se""" "179",24,4,140,92,2865,16.4,82,1,"""ford","fairmont","futura""" "180",36,4,105,74,1980,15.3,82,2,"""volkswagen","rabbit","l""" "181",37,4,91,68,2025,18.2,82,3,"""mazda","glc","custom" "182",31,4,91,68,1970,17.6,82,3,"""mazda","glc","custom""" "183",38,4,105,63,2125,14.7,82,1,"""plymouth","horizon","miser""" "184",36,4,98,70,2125,17.3,82,1,"""mercury","lynx","l""" "185",36,4,120,88,2160,14.5,82,3,"""nissan","stanza","xe""" "186",32,4,91,67,1965,15.7,82,3,"""honda","civic","(auto)""" "187",38,4,91,67,1995,16.2,82,3,"""datsun","310","gx""" "188",25,6,181,110,2945,16.4,82,1,"""buick","century","limited""" "189",38,6,262,85,3015,17,82,1,"""oldsmobile","cutlass","ciera" "190",26,4,156,92,2585,14.5,82,1,"""chrysler","lebaron","medallion""" "191",22,6,232,112,2835,14.7,82,1,"""ford","granada","l""" "192",32,4,144,96,2665,13.9,82,3,"""toyota","celica","gt""" "193",36,4,135,84,2370,13,82,1,"""dodge","charger","2.2""" "194",27,4,140,86,2790,15.6,82,1,"""ford","mustang","gl"""