Question: Please write out the work and state the answers clearly! Thank you! 3. Describe in words, but also with a diagram if it helps) an

Please write out the work and state the answers clearly! Thank you!

3. Describe in words, but also with a diagram if it helps) an example in which three variables (of your choosing) are related to one another in such a way that meets the following criteria: (1) The first variable has some causal effect on the second variable but (2) the third variable acts as a confounder, such that the observed bivariate association between the first and second variable is not entirely causal in nature. You may not use any example that we have used in lecture, lab, problem sets, or elsewhere in this course. Be sure to describe the example in substantive terms, not just in statistical terms. [10 Points]

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