Practical Problem: Home Security System with Alarm and Lights

Objective:

Design a four$-$state FSM using the Moore machine model for a home security system. The system has four modes $($Off$,$ Alert, Alarm, and Reset$)$ with two outputs: an alarm sound and security lights.

States:

Off $(O)$

Alert $($A$)$

Alarm $($L$)$

Reset $($R$)$

State Transition:

Starts in the Off state.

On detecting movement $($input $=1),$ transitions to Alert.

If movement persists $($input $=1$ in Alert$),$ transitions to Alarm.

A manual reset input $($input $=0$ in Alarm$)$ transitions to Reset.

$-$From Reset, it returns to Off automatically.

State Encoding:

$.$ O: $00$

$-$A: $01$

$*$L: $10$

$.$R: $11$

Outputs:

Alarm sound $($S$)$: Active in Alarm state.

Security lights $($L$)$: Active in Alert and Alarm states.

Assignment:

Design a State Diagram: Illustrate states and transitions for the security system.

Derive Logic Equations: Use the transition table to derive logic equations for $D$ flip$-$flops.

Implement the Circuit: Create a schematic diagram using two D flip$-$flops and necessary logic gates.