Presented below are condensed data from the 2017 and 2018 Johnson Plumbing Corporations income statements (in millions):

2017 2018

Revenues $15,060 $12,260

Operational Expenses 9,660 8,120

Operating Income $5,400 $4,140

Required: Analyze Johnson Plumbings cost-volume-profit relationships by applying the high-low method of cost estimation to the above information and complete the following:

a. Estimate the variable cost ratio.

b. Estimate annual fixed costs.

c. Compute the contribution margin ratio.

d. Compute the annual break-even point in dollars.

e. Applying these calculations, predict Johnson Plumbings operating income if 2018 revenues are predicted as $15,000 million.

f. What factors make the above analysis appropriateness for Johnson Plumbing? What circumstances would make it inappropriate for Johnson Plumbing?

Please use Excel spreadsheet with formulas, not handwritten, so I can better understand it. Thank you!