Pretest	Posttest
3	4
2	7
4	6
2	4
1	5
5	8
6	9
3	8
2	6
3	7

1. Calculate the t value.

4.a. Interpret the t-value using .05, then using .01 and explain what it means for students taking the ENG 101 course.

b. State the null and research hypothesis if this data represented scores on a writing test at the beginning of the semester versus scores at the end of the semester for ENG 101.

Please explain how a & b were found please - thank you!