Problem $13-15$ Capital Structure $($LO$3)$

currently selling near par value.

In $2020,$ Caterpillar Incorporated had about $540$ million shares outstanding. Their book value was $$39\mathrm{.}4$ per share, and the market

price was $$111\mathrm{.}70$ per share. The company's balance sheet shows that the company had $$28\mathrm{.}80$ billion of long$-$term debt, which was

currently selling near par value.

a$.$ What was Caterpillar's book debt$-$to$-$value ratio?

Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a decimal rounded to $2$ decimal places.

b$.$ What was its market debt$-$to$-$value ratio?

Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a decimal rounded to $2$ decimal places.

c$.$ Which measure should you use to calculate the company's cost of capital?